Intsinga ya fibre optique yahinduye ihererekanyamakuru, itanga umuvuduko utagereranywa kandi wizewe. Imiyoboro myinshi nuburyo bumwe bwa fibre optique insinga zigaragara nkubwoko bubiri bwiganje, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye.Imiyoboro myinshi ya fibre optique, hamwe nubunini bwibanze buva kuri 50 mkm kugeza kuri 62.5 mm, bushigikira itumanaho rigufi. Ibinyuranye,uburyo bumwe bwa fibre optique, kwirata ingero zingana na 8 kugeza kuri 9 mm, ntangarugero mubikorwa birebire. Itandukaniro rituma buri bwoko bwumugozi bukwiranye nibintu byihariye, nkainsinga ya fibre optiquekwishyiriraho cyangwafibre optique ya terefoneimiyoboro, aho ibintu bimeze nkintera, umurongo, nigiciro bigira uruhare runini.
- Fibre yuburyo bwinshiikora neza kubirometero bigufi. Nibihendutse kandi nibyiza kumurongo waho hamwe nibigo byamakuru.
- Ubwoko bumweni byiza intera ndende. Irashobora kohereza amakuru menshi kure, kilometero zirenga 80, hamwe no gutakaza ibimenyetso bike.
- Guhitamo fibre iboneye, tekereza intera, ibikenewe byamakuru, nigiciro. Hitamo ibikwiranye no gukoresha neza.
Gusobanukirwa na Multi-Mode hamwe na Mode imwe ya fibre optique
Umugozi wa Multi-Mode Fibre optique ni iki?
A uburyo bwinshi bwa fibre optiquecyashizweho kugirango kigere kure. Igaragaza diameter nini nini, mubisanzwe kuva kuri 50 kugeza kuri 62.5 microne, ituma imirasire yumucyo ikwirakwira icyarimwe. Ibiranga bifasha imibare ihanitse kurenza intera ngufi ariko itangiza uburyo bwo gutandukanya ibintu, bishobora gutesha agaciro ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso birebire.
Ubwoko bwinshi bwa fibre yashyizwe mubyiciro bitandukanye, nka OM1, OM2, OM3, na OM4, buri kimwe gitanga urwego rutandukanye rwimikorere. Urugero:
- OM1: Fibre isanzwe yuburyo bwinshi ifite diameter yibanze ya microni 62.5.
- OM3: Umuvuduko mwinshi-fibre fibre ishyigikira 10 Gbit / s hejuru ya metero 550.
- OM4: Gukwirakwiza kuri 40 na 100 Gbit / s hejuru ya metero 125.
Izi nsinga zikoreshwa cyane mumiyoboro yakarere (LAN) hamwe nibigo byamakuru bitewe nuburyo bukoresha neza kandi byoroshye kwishyiriraho.
Umugozi umwe wa fibre optique ni ubuhe?
Imiyoboro imwe ya fibre optique ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutumanaho kure. Bafite intambwe ntoya ya diametre, mubisanzwe hagati ya microni 8 na 10, ituma uburyo bumwe bwumucyo bukwirakwira. Igishushanyo kigabanya uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza no kwerekana ibimenyetso, bigatuma biba byiza kumurongo mugari wa porogaramu hejuru yintera yagutse.
Ibikorwa byingenzi byerekana ibipimo bya fibre imwe irimo:
| Ibipimo | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Gutatana | Ikwirakwizwa ryumucyo hejuru yintera, bigira ingaruka kumyumvire. |
| Kwitonda | Kugabanuka kwimbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso, bipimye muri dB / km. |
| Uburebure bwa zeru | Uburebure bwumurongo aho gutandukana bigabanutse, byingenzi mugutezimbere imikorere. |
Fibre imwe-imwe ikoreshwa cyane mubitumanaho no kumurongo wa interineti.
Itandukaniro mubishushanyo mbonera no gukwirakwiza urumuri
Igishushanyo mbonera hamwe no gukwirakwiza urumuri rutandukanya uburyo bwinshi nuburyo bumwe bwa fibre optique. Ubwoko bwinshi bwa fibre, hamwe nini nini ya diametre nini, ishyigikira inzira nyinshi zumucyo, biganisha kumurongo wo hejuru. Ibinyuranyo, fibre imwe-imwe yohereza urumuri rumwe, bigabanya gutatanya kandi bigafasha intera ndende.
| Ubwoko bwa Fibre | Diameter Core (microns) | Ibiranga gukwirakwiza urumuri | Ibyiza | Ibibi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uburyo bumwe | 8 kugeza 10 | Emerera uburyo bumwe gusa bwo kohereza urumuri, kugabanya ibimenyetso byo gukwirakwiza no kwiyongera. | Kongera umuvuduko nintera kubera kugabanuka gutandukanye. | Irasaba laseri zateye imbere zo kohereza amakuru. |
| Uburyo bwinshi | 50 kugeza 62.5 | Emerera uburyo bwinshi bwo kohereza urumuri, biganisha ku gutandukana no kwerekana ibimenyetso. | Irashobora gutwara imirasire yumucyo icyarimwe. | Gukwirakwiza modal yo hejuru bivamo kugabanya ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso kure. |
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro nibyingenzi muguhitamo umugozi wukuri kubisabwa byihariye, nkuko byagaragaye mubushakashatsi bwinganda kuva muri Fibre Optic Magazine hamwe nikinyamakuru cya Optical Networking.
Kugereranya Imikorere ya Multi-Mode na Fibre imwe-imwe
Diameter Core hamwe no Gukwirakwiza Umucyo
Diameter yibanze igira uruhare runini mukumenya uburyo bwo kohereza urumuri rwa fibre optique. Fibre imwe-imwe, hamwe na diameter yibanze ya microne hafi 9, itanga uburyo bumwe gusa bwo gukwirakwiza. Igishushanyo kigabanya urumuri kandi kigatanga uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza intera ndende. Ibinyuranye, fibre optique ya fibre optique iranga diameter nini nini, mubisanzwe microne 50 cyangwa 62.5, ishyigikira uburyo bwinshi bwurumuri. Mugihe ibi bifasha imibare ihanitse kurwego rurerure, iranatangiza uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza, kugabanya imikorere mugihe kirekire.
| Ikiranga | Fibre imwe | Ibikoresho byinshi |
|---|---|---|
| Diameter | ~ 9 microne | Micron 50 cyangwa 62.5 |
| Kwamamaza Umucyo | Uburyo bumwe bwumucyo | Uburyo bwinshi bwurumuri |
| Intera yoherejwe | Kugera kuri kilometero 80+ | Metero 300 kugeza kuri kilometero 2 |
| Ikigereranyo cyamakuru kure | Ikomeza umuvuduko mwinshi | Bidafite aho bigarukira |
| Igiciro | Hejuru | Hasi ya porogaramu ngufi |
| Koresha Urubanza | Imiyoboro miremire | LAN hamwe nibigo byamakuru |
Intangiriro ntoya ya fibre imwe yuburyo itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza urumuri, bigatuma ihitamo guhitamo intera ndende, umurongo mugari wa porogaramu.
Umuyoboro mugari hamwe no kohereza amakuru yihuta
Umuyoboro mugari hamwe no kohereza amakuru ni ibintu byingenzi byerekana ibipimo bya fibre optique. Fibre imwe-imwe ya fibre ishyigikira umurongo uri hagati ya 1 na 10 Gbps intera ndende, igakomeza imikorere ihamye kubera kugabanuka kwayo. Kurundi ruhande, fibre optique ya fibre optique, irashobora kugera kumurongo wa 100 Gbps ariko igarukira ku ntera ngufi, mubisanzwe hagati ya metero 300 na 550. Iyi mbogamizi ituruka ku bunini bunini bwibanze, byongera uburyo bwo gutandukana no kwerekana ibimenyetso.
| Ubwoko bwa Fibre | Umuyoboro mugari (Gbps) | Intera yoherejwe (m) | Diameter Core (microns) | Inkomoko yumucyo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uburyo bumwe | 1-10 | Intera ndende | Intangiriro nto | NYUMA |
| Uburyo bwinshi | Kugera ku 100 | 300-550 | 62.5 cyangwa 50 | LED |
Kubisabwaamakuru yihuta yohereza amakuruhejuru yintera ngufi, fibre optique ya fibre optique ni igisubizo cyigiciro. Nyamara, fibre imwe-fibre ikomeza kuba ntagereranywa kuburebure-burebure, ibisabwa-byinshi.
Ubushobozi bwintera yo kohereza intera ndende
Fibre imwe-imwe ya fibre iruta iyindi yoherejwe bitewe no kwiyegereza kwayo no kugabanya gutandukana. Umugozi wa OS1 na OS2, ubwoko bubiri busanzwe bwa fibre imwe, byerekana imikorere idasanzwe intera yagutse. Umugozi wa OS1 ushyigikira intera igera kuri kilometero 10 hamwe nigipimo cya 1 dB / km, mugihe insinga za OS2 zishobora kugera kuri kilometero 200 hamwe na 0.4 dB / km. Ibiranga bituma fibre imwe yuburyo bumwe bwumugongo witumanaho nibikorwa remezo bya interineti.
- Ikigo kinini cyamakuru cyashyize mu bikorwa insinga za OS1 zo guhuza inyubako, kugera ku makuru yihuta yohereza amakuru muri seriveri zayo.
- Isosiyete y'itumanaho yakoresheje insinga za OS2 kumurongo muremure, itezimbere cyane umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru kandi yizewe.
- Umujyi wa Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) yubatswe ukoresheje insinga za OS2, uhuza neza imiyoboro myinshi yakarere.
Ubwoko bwa fibre-moderi, nubwo bugarukira mubushobozi bwintera, iracyari ihitamo rifatika kubikorwa bigufi nkurubuga rwibanze (LAN) hamwe nibigo byamakuru.
Gutakaza Ibimenyetso no Kwiyegereza
Gutakaza ibimenyetso, cyangwa kwiyitirira, ni ikintu gikomeye mugusuzuma imikorere ya fibre optique. Ubwoko bumwe bwa fibre yerekana kugabanuka cyane bitewe nubunini bwayo buto, bugabanya urumuri. Gukorera kumuraba wa 1550 nm, fibre imwe-fibre ihura no gutatana, bigatuma ibimenyetso byiza byerekana neza intera ndende. Ubwoko bwinshi bwa fibre, hamwe nubunini bwayo bunini, ibabazwa cyane no kwaguka hejuru yintera yagutse, bigatuma idakwiranye na porogaramu ndende.
Kurugero, fibre imwe-imwe irashobora kugumana uburinganire bwibimenyetso hejuru yintera irenga kilometero 80, mugihe fibre-moderi isanzwe igarukira kuri kilometero 2. Iri tandukaniro rishimangira akamaro ko guhitamo ubwoko bwa kabili bukwiye bushingiye kubisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu.
Kugereranya Ibiciro: Multi-Mode vs Fibre imwe
Amafaranga yo kwishyiriraho nibikoresho
Kwishyiriraho insinga ya fibre optique ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi byigiciro, harimo insinga ubwazo, trans transiver, nakazi. Sisitemu nyinshi-fibre optique sisitemu ifite ibiciro byambere byambere. Ingano nini nini yibanze yorohereza kwishyiriraho, kugabanya ibikenerwa nibikoresho byihariye nubuhanga. Ibi bituma bahitamo ikiguzi-cyiza kubisabwa bigufi, nkumuyoboro waho (LAN) hamwe nibigo byamakuru.
Sisitemu imwe ya fibre sisitemu, kurundi ruhande, bisaba kwishyiriraho neza bitewe nubunini bwibanze. Ibi byongera amafaranga yumurimo, nkuko abatekinisiye b'inzobere bagomba gukora inzira kugirango barebe imikorere myiza. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bumwe bwo guhererekanya ibintu buhenze kuruta bagenzi babo benshi, bikomeza kuzamura igiciro rusange.
| Icyerekezo | Fibre-Mode-Fibre (MMF) | Fibre imwe-imwe (SMF) |
|---|---|---|
| Igiciro cyambere | Hasi | Hejuru |
| Kwishyiriraho | Byoroshye kubera ubunini bunini | Biragoye cyane kubera ingano ntoya |
| Birakwiriye | Porogaramu ngufi | Gukwirakwiza intera ndende |
Nubwo ibiciro biri hejuru, fibre yuburyo bumwe ikomeza kuba nkenerwa mu itumanaho rirerire, aho ibyiza byayo biruta ishoramari ryambere.
Kubungabunga no gukoresha amafaranga
Kubungabunga no gukoresha ibikorwa nabyo biratandukanye cyane hagati yubwoko bubiri bwa fibre. Sisitemu nyinshi ya fibre sisitemu isanzwe ikoresha amafaranga make yo kubungabunga. Ingano nini nini yabo ituma badashobora guhura nibibazo byo guhuza, bikagabanya ibikenewe guhinduka kenshi. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwinshi-sisitemu ikoresha LED yumucyo utanga isoko, ihendutse kandi yoroshye kuyisimbuza kuruta isoko ya laser ikoreshwa muri sisitemu imwe.
Sisitemu imwe ya fibre sisitemu, mugihe itanga imikorere isumba iyindi, isaba amafaranga yo kubungabunga menshi. Ingano ntoya yibanze isaba guhuza neza, kandi kudahuza kwose birashobora gutuma ibimenyetso biteshwa agaciro. Byongeye kandi, urumuri rwa laser rukoreshwa muri sisitemu imwe yuburyo buhenze kubungabunga no gusimbuza. Izi ngingo zigira uruhare runini rwigiciro cya nyirubwite ya sisitemu imwe ya fibre.
- Sisitemu ya fibre-moderi nyinshi muri rusange byoroshye kubungabunga bitewe nuburyo bworoshye.
- Sisitemu imwe ya fibre sisitemu ikenera gukora neza, kongera ibiciro byakazi.
Ikiguzi-Cyiza Kubirebire-Porogaramu
Iyo usuzumye ikiguzi-cyiza kubikorwa birebire, fibre imwe-imwe igaragara nkuwatsinze neza. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kohereza amakuru kurenza kilometero zirenga 80 nta gutakaza ibimenyetso bifatika bituma iba ingenzi kubitumanaho hamwe numuyoboro wa interineti. Nubwo ibiciro byambere byo kubungabunga no kubungabunga biri hejuru, inyungu ndende zo kugabanya ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso hamwe numuyoboro mwinshi byerekana ishingiro ryishoramari.
Ubwoko bwa fibre-moderi, mugihe ihendutse imbere, ntabwo ikwiranye na porogaramu ndende. Igipimo cyacyo cyo hejuru cyo gukwirakwiza no kugereranya igipimo kigabanya imikorere yacyo mugihe gito. Ku mashyirahamwe ashyira imbere ikiguzi-cyiza mubikorwa bito bito, fibre-moderi nyinshi ikomeza guhitamo.
Inama: Amashyirahamwe agomba gusuzuma ibiciro byambere nigihe kirekire muguhitamo fibre optique. Mugihe fibre-moderi-fibre ihenze cyane mugihe gito, fibre-moderi imwe itanga agaciro keza kubikorwa birebire.
Porogaramu ya Multi-Mode hamwe na Mode imwe ya fibre optique
Byiza Koresha Imanza Kuri Multi-Mode Fibre Optic Cable
Imiyoboro myinshi ya fibre optique irahuza cyane kandi igasanga porogaramu mubikorwa bitandukanye. Ingano nini ya diameter nubushobozi bwo kohereza urumuri rwinshi rutuma biba byiza kubitumanaho bigufi. Inganda akenshi zishingiye kuri ubu bwoko bwa kabili ya:
- Kumurika ibisubizo: Sisitemu yo kumurika ibinyabiziga no gushushanya yunguka imikorere yayo kandi yoroheje.
- Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
- Ibikoresho byo kugenzura: Ibintu byoroheje kandi byunamye-bitumva neza bikwiriye kugenzura ahantu bigoye kugera.
- Ibigo byamakuru hamwe na LAN.
Kwiyongera gukenewe kuri sisitemu yitumanaho byihuse kandi byizewe bikomeje gutwara iyemezwa rya kabili ya fibre optique muri iyi mirenge.
Ibihe Byiza bya Fibre optique ya fibre imwe
Ubwoko bumwe bwa fibre nziza cyane mubihe bisaba intera ndende, itumanaho ryinshi. Intambwe ntoya ya diameter igabanya gutakaza ibimenyetso kandi ikora neza. Ibyingenzi byingenzi birimo:
- Umutekano rusange hamwe numuyoboro wa selire: Ibikorwa remezo byitumanaho byizewe biterwafibre imwekuri serivisi idahagarara.
- Metropolitan hamwe nibidukikije: Izi fibre zihuza imijyi niyumujyi, zishyigikira serivisi za interineti nitumanaho.
- Hanze ya Sisitemu (OSP): Fibre imwe-fibre ningirakamaro mugushira hanze, itanga igihe kirekire ninyungu zubukungu.
- 5G hamwe na FTTH yoherejwe: Igihombo cyabo gito hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse bituma baba ingenzi kubuhanga buzaza.
Kwishyiriraho neza no kugerageza birakenewe kugirango twongere imikorere ya fibre imwe-imwe muri ibi bihe.
Imigendekere yinganda muri 2025 ninshingano za Dowell
Inganda za fibre optique ziteguye kuzamuka cyane mu 2025.Biteganijwe ko isoko ry’umugozi wa fibre optique rizava kuri miliyari 3,5 USD mu 2023 rikagera kuri miliyari 7.8 USD muri 2032. Iri zamuka ryerekana ko hakenewe interineti yihuta n’ibikorwa remezo by’ibicu. Muri ubwo buryo, isoko rusange ya fibre optique iteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 30.5 USD muri 2030, bitewe no kwagura ibigo no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya 5G na FTTH.
Dowell igira uruhare runini muri iyi miterere igenda ihinduka. Mugutanga ubuziranengefibre optique ibisubizo, isosiyete ikora neza kwizerwa ryurusobe nubunini. Ibicuruzwa byayo, nka fibre optique yamashanyarazi, byongera imikorere yikigo kigezweho kandi bigashyigikira uburyo bukenewe bwo gutumanaho gukomeye.
Guhitamo neza fibre optique ya Cable kubyo ukeneye
Ibintu by'ingenzi: Intera, Umuyoboro mugari, na Bije
Guhitamo fibre optique ya fibre optique bisaba gutekereza neza kubintu bya tekiniki nkintera, umurongo mugari, na bije. Buri kimwe muri ibyo bintu kigira uruhare runini muguhitamo umugozi mwiza wa progaramu yihariye.
Fibre imwe-imwe ikwiranye nogutumanaho kure kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo kohereza amakuru kubirometero bigera kuri 160 hamwe no gutakaza ibimenyetso bike. Ibinyuranyo, fibre-moderi nyinshi irakwiriye cyane kubirometero bigufi, mubisanzwe kuva kuri metero 300 kugeza kuri kilometero 2, bitewe n'ubwoko n'umuvuduko. Kurugero, OM3 na OM4 fibre-moderi nyinshi irashobora gukoresha umurongo mugari hejuru yintera ngufi, bigatuma biba byiza kubigo byamakuru hamwe numuyoboro waho.
Inzitizi zingengo yimari nazo zigira ingaruka kumahitamo ya fibre optique. Fibre imwe-imwe, mugihe itanga imikorere isumba intera ndende, ihenze gushiraho no kubungabunga. Fibre-moderi nyinshi, hamwe nogukoresha ibikoresho byogukoresha neza, bitanga igisubizo gifatika kumiryango ifite ingengo yimishinga mike kandi ikeneye itumanaho rigufi.
| Ikintu | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ubwoko bwa Fibre | Uburyo bumwe nuburyo bwinshi; bigira ingaruka intera nubushobozi bwumurongo. |
| Ibisabwa Intera | Kugena uburebure bwa fibre ikenewe; bigufi cyane cyangwa birebire birashobora kuganisha ku gukora nabi. |
| Umuyoboro mugari | Ibisabwa byubu nibizaza bigira ingaruka kumahitamo yubwoko bwa fibre. |
| Inzitizi z'ingengo y'imari | Itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati yuburyo bumwe nuburyo bwinshi bwa fibre; bigira ingaruka ku ngengo yimishinga yumushinga. |
| Gusaba | Porogaramu zitandukanye zishobora gusaba ubwoko bwa fibre kugirango ikore neza. |
| Ibitekerezo-by'ejo hazaza | Kuzamura ubushobozi niterambere ryikoranabuhanga birashobora kugira ingaruka kubiciro byigihe kirekire no guhitamo. |
Amashyirahamwe agomba gusuzuma ibyo bintu kugirango yizere ko ishoramari ryayo rihuza ibikenewe mu itumanaho.
Ubwoko bwinshi na fibre imweinsinga za optique zikemura ibibazo bitandukanye. Ubwoko bwa fibre-moderi itanga ibisubizo byingirakamaro kubirometero bigufi, nko muri LAN hamwe na data center, mugihe fibre imwe-fibre iruta kure cyane, umurongo-mwinshi wa porogaramu. Kugeza 2025, iterambere mu buhanga bwa fibre optique rizakomeza akamaro k'ubwoko bwombi, ryujuje ibyifuzo bitandukanye by'itumanaho.
Ubushishozi bw'ingenzi: Isoko rya fibre optique riteganijwe kwiyongera cyane, bitewe no kongera amakuru asabwa na gahunda za leta. Igisubizo cyiza cya Dowell cyemeza kwizerwa no gukoresha neza ikiguzi, gishyigikira iri terambere.
| Ikiranga | Fibre imwe | Ibikoresho byinshi |
|---|---|---|
| Ubushobozi bwintera | Kugera kuri kilometero 140 | Kugera kuri kilometero 2 |
| Ubushobozi bwumurongo | Shyigikira igipimo cyamakuru agera kuri 100 Gbps no kurenga | Umuvuduko ntarengwa uri hagati ya 10 Gbps na 400 Gbps |
| Ikiguzi-Cyiza | Birahenze cyane kubirometero bigufi | Birenze ikiguzi cyintera ngufi |
Ibibazo
Ni irihe tandukaniro ryibanze riri hagati yuburyo bumwe na fibre yuburyo bwinshi?
Ubwoko bumwe bwa fibre ishyigikira intera ndende, itumanaho ryinshi hamwe no gutakaza ibimenyetso bike. Ubwoko bwa fibre-moderi ihenze cyane mugihe gito ariko inararibonye muburyo butandukanye.
Ni izihe nganda zunguka byinshi mu nsinga za fibre optique?
Inganda nkibigo byamakuru, LAN, hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byunguka fibre yuburyo bwinshi bitewe nubushobozi bwayo kandi bukwiranye nigihe gito, itumanaho ryihuse.
Kuki fibre yuburyo bumwe ihenze kuyishyiraho?
Fibre imwe-imwe isaba kwishyiriraho neza nibikoresho byabigenewe, harimo laseri igezweho, byongera umurimo nigiciro cyibikoresho ugereranije na sisitemu yuburyo bwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-15-2025