Nigute wahitamo ibyiza bya fibre optique itanga ibikoresho byo gukoresha inganda

Sobanukirwa n'impamvu zikomeye zo guhitamo kwizerwaUmugozi wa fibre optiqueutanga isoko. Imikorere myiza no kuramba kubikorwa remezo bya fibre optique biterwa niri hitamo. Ibitekerezo byingenzi biyobora ibyemezo bisobanutse muguhitamo abatanga isoko, bikubiyemo ibikenewe bitandukanye kuvaUmugozi wa FTTHgukomeraUmugozi wo mu nzukandi birambaUmugozi wo hanze. Isoko rya fibre optique isoko yinganda zirimo kwiyongera cyane:

Ibyingenzi

• Sobanukirwa n'inganda ukeneye. Sobanura icyo cyaweinsinga za fibre optiqueigomba gukora. Ibi birimo ibidukikije nibihuta byamakuru.
• Reba uburambe bwabatanga nubuziranenge. Shakisha abatanga ibintu byiza byanditse. Bagomba gukurikiza amahame yinganda no kugerageza ibicuruzwa byabo neza.
• Kubaka ubufatanye bukomeye. Reba ibyo batanze, inkunga, na garanti. Utanga ibintu byiza aragufasha igihe kirekire.

Kugaragaza ibyo ukeneye mu nganda no gusuzuma ubushobozi bwa fibre optique

Guhitamo iburyoumugozi wa fibre optiqueutanga isoko atangirana no gusobanukirwa neza ibisabwa byinganda. Isuzuma ryuzuye ryubushobozi bwabatanga isoko rikurikira iyi ntambwe yifatizo. Iyi nzira iremeza ko umufatanyabikorwa watoranijwe ashobora kuzuza ibyifuzo byihariye by ibidukikije byinganda.

Kumenya Inganda Zidasanzwe Fibre Optic Cable Ibisabwa

Igenamiterere ryinganda ryerekana ibibazo byihariye kubisubizo bihuza. Kubwibyo, amashyirahamwe agomba gusobanura neza ibyo akeneye byihariyeUmugozi wa fibre optique. Reba ibidukikije aho umugozi uzakorera. Muri ibi bihe harimo ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushuhe, umukungugu, kunyeganyega, no guhura n’imiti cyangwa kwivanga kwa electronique. Buri kintu kigena ibikoresho bya jacketi ikenewe, ibirwanisho, hamwe nubwubatsi muri rusange.

Byongeye kandi, suzuma ingano n'umuvuduko w'amakuru sisitemu yo gukoresha. Sisitemu isaba igipimo cyinshi cyamakuru hamwe nubunini bwamakuru ikenera ibisubizo bya fibre optique hamwe nubushobozi bunini bwumurongo. Mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda, fibre optique imwe itanga amakuru kumuvuduko wa gigabits 10 kumasegonda (Gbps). Mugihe cyo gukora sisitemu yo gukoresha inganda zikoresha fibre optique, umurongo wa fibre ni ikintu cyingenzi. Irasobanura urwego rwinshuro nigipimo cyamakuru anyura kumuyoboro. Reba intera isabwa yoherejwe n'umubare w'ibihuza. Ibi bintu bigira ingaruka kumahitamo hagati yuburyo bumwe nuburyo bwinshi bwa fibre, kimwe nubwoko bwihuza.

Gusuzuma Ubunararibonye bwabatanga nubuhanga bwa tekinike muri Fibre Optic Solutions

Ubunararibonye bwabatanga nubuhanga bwa tekinike bigira ingaruka kumiterere no kwizerwa bya fibre optique. Shakisha abatanga ibicuruzwa bifite ibimenyetso byerekana mubikorwa byinganda. Ubuhanga bwabo bugomba kurenga kubikorwa byibanze kugirango hinjizwemo gusobanukirwa byimazeyo amahame yinganda nibikorwa byiza.

Ubuhanga bwa tekinike yabatanga bugaragarira mubikorwa byabo byose byo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Ibi birimo gusuzuma fibre yibanze ya optique, insulasiyo, porogaramu ihuza, hamwe no guhuza ibice mu nteko ya kabili. Irimo kandi uburyo bwo gusohora abayobora, porogaramu yo kubika (harimo amabara yihariye, ibihangano, ibirango, nimero y'ibicuruzwa), hamwe no guhagarika abayobora ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kugurisha cyangwa guhonyora. Inzira irashobora kandi kubamo gukata no kugabanya imiyoboro ikikije abayobora.

Uburyo bukomeye bwo kwipimisha ni ibimenyetso byingenzi. Abatanga isoko bagaragaza ubuhanga mugupima kugirango fibre optique ikoreshwe cyangwa insinga za Hybrid zikoreshwa neza kandi zujuje ubuziranenge. Ibi bikubiyemo ibintu bidukikije nko kunyeganyega, ubushyuhe, ubukonje, abrasion, nubushuhe. Byongeye kandi, bagomba kugerageza ubwiza bwokwirakwiza kwa fibre hamwe nibihuza, bikubiyemo ingamba nko gutakaza kwinjiza no kwiyongera. Ubuhanga bwimbitse, uburambe bugari, no kubahiriza ibyemezo byinganda ninganda ni ngombwa. Urutonde rwabatanga ibyemezo rukora nkikimenyetso gikomeye cyubuhanga bwabo bwa tekinike kandi biyemeje kugendera ku nganda. Ibigo nka Dowell Industry Group byerekana abatanga isoko bashyira imbere izi ngingo, batanga ibisubizo byuzuye bishyigikiwe nubuhanga bukomeye.

Ubushakashatsi bwabatanga ibyamamare hamwe nabakiriya berekana inganda za fibre optique

Icyamamare cyumutanga gitanga ubushishozi bwokwizerwa nubwiza bwa serivisi. Ubushakashatsi bwabakiriya nibisobanuro bitanga ibitekerezo bifatika kubikorwa byabo. Shakisha ibitekerezo bihoraho bijyanye nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, gutanga, hamwe nubufasha bwabakiriya.

Isubiramo ryabakiriya akenshi ryerekana ibintu byingenzi bya serivisi itanga isoko:

• Serivise ikomeye yakiriwe mugushiraho interineti nshya ya fibre, hamwe nabashakashatsi basobanura byose.
• Kwiyubaka byananiranye kubera umuyoboro utazwi waguye, bisaba itsinda ryabasivili gusana.
• Ihagarikwa rya interineti ribaho inshuro nyinshi mugihe cyumwaka, hamwe naba injeniyeri bagabanijwe cyangwa badatanga serivisi mugihe.
• Uburambe bwiza hamwe nuhagarariye wasubije ibibazo nibibazo.

Ibitekerezo byiza bikunze kuvugwa:

• Abakozi ba serivisi nziza.
• Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byiza cyane no gupakira neza.
• Kohereza vuba.
• Serivise ya garanti mugihe kandi yatekerejweho.
• Ibibazo byakemuwe vuba cyane, biganisha ku kumva ko wizewe n'umutekano.
• Ibicuruzwa byinshi.
• Ibiciro bifatika.
• Serivisi nziza.
• Ibikoresho bigezweho hamwe nimpano nziza.
• Gukomeza gushimangira imbaraga zikoranabuhanga.
• Urwego rwiza rwo gucunga, kwemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.

Ubu bushishozi bufasha gushushanya ishusho yuzuye yimbaraga zitanga isoko nintege nke zishobora kuba. Buri gihe saba ibyerekeranye nabakiriya binganda bafite ibyo bakeneye nkibyawe. Ibiganiro bitaziguye hamwe niyi ngingo birashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byingirakamaro kubushobozi bwabatanga isoko kugirango babone ibyo bakeneye byinganda.

Kwemeza ubuziranenge no kubahiriza inganda za fibre optique

Guhitamo uwatanze ibisubizo bya fibre optique yinganda bisaba kwibira cyane mubyo biyemeje kurwego rwiza no kubahiriza. Ibi bituma ibikorwa remezo bihanganira ibidukikije bikaze kandi bigakora neza mugihe runaka. Utanga isoko yubahiriza ibisobanuro bikomeye, ibyemezo, hamwe na protocole yo kugerageza bigira ingaruka kumara igihe kirekire no gukora neza ibikorwa byawe.

Kugenzura Fibre Optic Cable Ibicuruzwa Ibisobanuro nibikorwa

Kugenzura neza ibicuruzwa bisobanurwa nibikorwa nibyingenzi mumashanyarazi ya fibre optique. Abatanga isoko bagomba gutanga impapuro zirambuye zerekana ibipimo bikomeye. Ibi bipimo birimo insinga ya optique iranga, imbaraga za mashini, hamwe no kurwanya ibidukikije. Abaguzi bagomba gukora igenzura ryerekanwa nubukanishi kugirango bemeze insinga kandi amasano yayo yerekana ko nta byangiritse kumubiri.

Ibizamini byiza ni ngombwa kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso byatakaye. Ibipimo fatizo bya fibre optique bipima gutakaza urumuri muri decibel wohereza urumuri kumpera imwe no kuyakira kurundi. Igihe-Domain Reflectometrie (TDR) yohereza impiswi nyinshi kugirango isuzume ibitekerezwa kandi itandukanya amakosa, hamwe na TDR optique yagenewe fibre. Ibikorwa by'ingenzi byerekana ibipimo birimo igihombo cya attenuation, gipima igabanuka ryimbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso (dB / km), hamwe nigihombo cyo kugaruka, kigereranya urumuri rugaragara. Umubare muto wo gutakaza igihombo cyerekana imikorere myiza. Abatanga isoko batanga kandi amakuru yerekana amanota yo kugabanuka no gutinda gukwirakwira, gupima ihererekanyabubasha nigihe cyo gutembera.

Ibikoresho bigezweho nka Optical Loss Test Sets (OLTS) bipima igihombo cyuzuye mumurongo wa fibre optique, bigereranya imiterere y'urusobe. Optical Time-Domain Reflectometero (OTDRs) yohereza impiswi zoroheje kugirango zimenyekanishe amakosa, yunamye, kandi igabanye igihombo ukoresheje gusesengura urumuri rugaragara. Amashusho agaragara (VFLs) akoresha urumuri rugaragara kugirango umenye ibiruhuko kandi byunamye. Igenzura rya fibre ikuza umuhuza wanyuma kugirango ubone umwanda cyangwa ibyangiritse. Igeragezwa rirangira-rireba kugenzura urumuri no kwerekana ibimenyetso hejuru yuburebure bwa kabili. Igeragezwa ryigihombo cyerekana ibimenyetso byerekana gutakaza imbaraga zatewe no kwinjiza ibikoresho, mugihe igihombo cyo kugaruka no gusuzuma ibizamini byerekana urumuri rushobora gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso.

Kwemeza Impamyabumenyi Yinganda nubuziranenge bwa fibre optique

Impamyabumenyi y’inganda no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga yemeza ko utanga isoko yiyemeje ubuziranenge n’umutekano. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza ko fibre optique yujuje imikorere yihariye kandi yizewe yo gukoresha inganda.

Impamyabumenyi nyinshi zerekana ubuhanga bwabatanga nubwiza bwibicuruzwa:

• Fibre Optics Technicien-Hanze y'Ibihingwa (FOT-OSP): Iki cyemezo ni icy'abanyamwuga bahagarika, bagerageza, kandi bagakemura ibibazo bya sisitemu imwe y'itumanaho rya fibre optique. Harimo gukanika imashini no guhuza no gusobanukirwa ingengo yimari ya optique. Irimo kandi kode yumutekano nka NESC® na NEC® kubidukikije byo hanze.
• Gushyira fibre optique (FOI): Iki cyemezo cyibanze kuri fibre optique ya fibre optique, guhuza, gutera, no kugerageza. Irasaba kumenyera ibiranga imikorere yasobanuwe muri TIA-568, ITU-T G.671, ITU-T G.652, na Telcordia GR-326. Irasaba kandi ubuhanga mugupima igihombo cya optique hamwe nibisabwa bya NEC®.
• Inzobere mu gutandukanya fibre (FSS): Iki cyemezo gitanga gusobanukirwa byimbitse tekinike yo gutera fibre imwe, fibre fibre, hamwe na fusion splice ihuza. Ikubiyemo fibre optique umutekano, ubwubatsi, ibitekerezo, nibiranga.
• ARINC Fibre Optics Yibanze Yumwuga (AFOF): Iki cyemezo cyibanda kuri fibre yo mu kirere hamwe no guhuza ibiyiranga n'ibiranga. Itanga amahugurwa yibanze kubakozi bagize uruhare mu kirere cya fibre optique.
• ARINC Fibre Optics Installer (AFI): Iki cyemezo ni icy'indege ya fibre hamwe nogushiraho umuhuza. Irashimangira akamaro k'amahugurwa akwiye n'ubumenyi bugezweho kubantu bakorana na tekinoroji ya fibre optique mu ndege.

Izindi mpamyabumenyi zinzobere, akenshi zisaba ibyangombwa bya CFOT, harimo Gushyira Hanze Yibihingwa (CFOS / O), Kurangiza (Umuhuza) (CFOS / C), Gutera (CFOS / S), no Kwipimisha (CFOS / T). Impamyabumenyi ishingiye ku gusaba ikubiyemo Fibre Murugo / Curb / nibindi. (FTTx).

Inzego mpuzamahanga ngenderwaho nazo zigira uruhare runini:

• Komite tekinike ya IEC (TC) 86: Gutegura ibipimo bya sisitemu ya fibre optique, module, ibikoresho, nibigize.
  • SC 86A (Fibre ninsinga): Gukorana nuburyo bwo gupima fibre (IEC 60793-1-1) nibisobanuro rusange kumigozi ya fibre (IEC 60794-1-1), harimo ibisobanuro bya fibre imwe (IEC 60793-2-50).
  • SC 86B (Guhuza ibikoresho nibikoresho bya pasiporo): Gutegura ibisobanuro byo gupima ibidukikije ibice (IEC 61300-1) no kugenzura amashusho ya fibre ihuza amaherezo (IEC 61300-3-35).
• ISO / IEC JTC1 / SC25: Gutegura ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhuza ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga byamakuru, hamwe na WG 3 igenzura ibibanza byabakiriya kabili, harimo kuvugurura ISO / IEC 14763-3 yo kugerageza umugozi wa fibre optique.
• Ibipimo bya TIA: Tanga umurongo ngenderwaho mubikorwa no gukora mubikorwa byitumanaho. Bakemura ibisobanuro bya sisitemu ya fibre optique, harimo umuhuza, insinga, hamwe nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho.
• ITU-T: Itanga raporo ya tekinike kuri fibre optique, insinga, na sisitemu.
• FOA: Ishiraho ibipimo byayo byibanze kubizamini bikoreshwa cyane, nko gupima igihombo cya fibre optique ya fibre optique (FOA-1) hamwe na OTDR (FOA-4).

Abatanga ibicuruzwa nka Dowell Industry Group bakunze kwerekana ko bubahiriza aya mahame akomeye, bakemeza ko ibicuruzwa byabo byujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho ku isi kugirango ubuziranenge kandi bwizewe.

Gusubiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura no kugerageza uburyo bwa fibre optique ya fibre optique

Igenzura rikomeye (QC) ningirakamaro kubikoresho bya fibre optique. Iremeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa kuva mubikoresho fatizo kugeza kubicuruzwa byarangiye. Abatanga isoko bashyira mubikorwa ibipimo byubugenzuzi hamwe nubuhanga mubikorwa byose.

Uburyo bwa QC burimo kugenzura ibipimo bitandukanye:

• Ubwoko bwihuza: Kugenzura neza ibisobanuro bihuza neza.
• Amabara: Kugenzura neza amabara yerekana neza.
• Gukuramo fibre: Kugenzura neza neza fibre.
• Ubwiza bwa plastike: Gusuzuma ubwiza bwibigize plastike.
• Kwinjiza: Gusuzuma ubwiza bwo kwinjiza.
• Kwitonda: Gupima ibimenyetso byatakaye.
• Ikibanza kinini: Kugenzura neza umurongo uhuza.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura burimo:

• Ikizamini cyo kureba: Kumenya inenge nko kumeneka cyangwa gucamo ukoresheje ibikoresho nka fibre optique tracing cyangwa umufuka wibonekeje. Ibi kandi bikubiyemo kugenzura isuku ihuza.
• Kugenzura umuhuza: Gukoresha fiberscope kugirango ugenzure optique ya fibre optique kugirango ikosorwe neza.
• Igenzura ryimiti: Kugenzura ibigize imiti muri laboratoire ya QC kugirango ibe nziza. Ibi bigena coefficente yo kwaguka, indangantego yo kwanga, hamwe nikirahure cyera.
• Gupima imbaraga: Gukoresha metero z'amashanyarazi kugirango umenye urwego rukwiye.
• Igenzura rya gaze: Mugihe cyo gutangira umusaruro, kugenzura ibigize gaze nigipimo cyayo. Ibi byemeza ibikoresho nka valve hamwe nu miyoboro idashobora kwangirika.
• Kwipimisha imiti: Gushyushya no kuzunguruka ukoresheje silindiri idafite umumaro kugirango ukore preform, urebe neza imiti imwe.

Igikorwa cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge gikurikiza intambwe nyinshi zingenzi:

1. Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro muguhitamo ibiranga kwanduza nka attenuation, gutatanya, hamwe numuyoboro mugari. Harimo guhitamo quartz-isukuye cyane kuri preforms no kwemeza ko ibikoresho byo gukata byujuje ubuziranenge bwinganda zingufu za mashini, ikirere, hamwe no kurwanya gusaza.
2. Igenzura ry'umusaruro: Ibi byemeza ubuziranenge mugihe cyo gushushanya, gutwikira, guteranya, no kurangiza. Harimo kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, hamwe nimpagarara mugihe cyo gushushanya, kugenzura-igihe nyacyo cyo guhuza ibipimo, hamwe no gutondeka no kurangiza kugirango hagabanuke amakosa yabantu.
3. Kugenzura Ubuziranenge Bwuzuye: Mbere yo koherezwa, insinga zipimisha imikorere ya optique (attenuation, igihombo cyo kugaruka), ibizamini bya mashini (guhagarika umutima, kunama), hamwe n'ibizamini byo kurwanya ibidukikije (ubushyuhe, ubushuhe). Ibikoresho bigezweho nka OTDRs byerekana inenge, byemeza kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga (urugero, ITU-T G.652 / G.657).
4. Gutanga Iminyururu no Gukomeza Gutezimbere: Gushiraho sisitemu yo gukurikiranwa kuva mubikoresho fatizo kugeza kubicuruzwa byarangiye no guhindura inzira zishingiye kubitekerezo byabakiriya nibyingenzi kugirango habeho imikorere myiza.

Abatanga isoko nabo bakora igeragezwa ryimikorere, harimo imbaraga zingana, diameter, indangagaciro yo kwanga, kwiyitirira, gutatanya, gukwirakwiza uburyo bwa polarisiyasi, gukwirakwiza chromatic, gutakaza ibice, gutakaza kugaruka, hamwe nigipimo cyamakosa. Ubu buryo bukomeye, buyobowe nubuziranenge bwa TIA / EIA, IEC, na ISO, byemeza igihe kirekire n’imikorere ya fibre optique ya fibre optique.

Ibikoresho, Inkunga, no Kubaka Ubufatanye na Fibre Optic Cable Supplier

Gushiraho ubufatanye bukomeye na afibre optique itanga umugozibikubiyemo ibirenze guhitamo ibicuruzwa. Birasaba gusuzuma neza ubushobozi bwabo bwibikoresho, serivisi zunganira, hamwe nubwitange muri rusange mubufatanye burambye. Ubu buryo bwuzuye butuma imikorere ikora neza kandi igakomeza gutsinda mubikorwa byinganda.

Gusesengura Ibiciro, Garanti, na Politiki yo Kugarura ya Fibre Optic Cable

Gusobanukirwa ibiciro byabatanga ibiciro, garanti, na politiki yo kugaruka ni ngombwa. Ibiciro byibanze, harimo fibre optique hamwe nicyuma cya kabili, bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yumusaruro. Guhanga udushya no gukenera isoko nabyo bigira ingaruka kubiciro. Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya fibre optique mubisanzwe bitwara garanti yumwaka umwe kubintu bitarangiye. Nyamara, insinga zimwe zinganda, nkibicuruzwa bya MDIS, zitanga garanti yimyaka 25 ya sisitemu, ikubiyemo insinga zangiza ibidukikije. Abaguzi bagomba gusuzuma neza aya magambo kugirango bumve ubwishingizi nibiciro byigihe kirekire.

Gusuzuma Igihe cyo Gutanga no Gutanga Urunigi Kwizerwa Kumashanyarazi ya Fibre optique

Gutanga kwizewe hamwe numuyoboro ukomeye wo gutanga ni ngombwa mubikorwa byinganda. Abatanga isoko bagomba kwerekana ibicuruzwa byizewe byabacuruzi, kubahiriza ibipimo bigenda bihinduka, hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya. Bagomba kandi kwerekana umuvuduko, guhinduka, hamwe nubunini kugirango bashyigikire iterambere. Kubisanzwe byinganda fibre optique itumiza, ibihe byo kuyobora birashobora gutandukana. Abatanga ibicuruzwa bamwe batanga impinduka zitarenze ibyumweru bitatu, mugihe abandi berekana igihe gisanzwe cyicyumweru 3-4 cyo kuyobora kubintu bitari ububiko. Muri rusange gutanga umushinga, kuva mubitekerezo kugeza kwishyiriraho, akenshi bigwa mubyumweru 4-6. Utanga isoko yizewe atanga kandi garanti yuzuye hamwe nibisobanuro byiza byabakiriya.

Gusuzuma Serivise Yabakiriya ninkunga ya Tekinike ya Fibre Optic Cable Solutions

Serivisi zidasanzwe zabakiriya ninkunga ya tekiniki nibiranga isoko ryagaciro. Ibisubizo byihuse kandi byinshuti kubibazo, cyane cyane iyo igihe ari gikomeye, garagaza inkunga ikomeye. Abakiriya bakunze kuvuga ko bakiriye guhamagarwa mu minota icumi yo kubaza ibicuruzwa no gutanga umunsi ukurikira kubikenewe byihutirwa. Abatanga isoko nka Dowell Industry Group batanga ubufasha bwihuse kubibazo, berekana ko bakiriye neza nibitekerezo bisobanutse. Batanga kandi ibikoresho byinshi bya tekiniki hamwe nibikoresho byo guhugura. Harimo amasomo yubushakashatsi bwa OSP, kugarura ibintu byihutirwa bya fibre optique, no kwipimisha bigezweho, kwemeza ko abakiriya bafite ubumenyi nibikoresho byo kohereza no kubungabunga neza.

Guhitamo Fibre Optic Cable itanga isoko bisaba gusobanura ibikenewe byihariye, kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, no gusuzuma inkunga yuzuye. Isuzumabumenyi ryuzuye, rirenze igiciro gusa, ritanga imikorere myiza no kuramba kubikorwa remezo byinganda. Gushiraho ubufatanye bukomeye, burambye hamwe na autanga isokoitanga imikorere ihamye yo gukora n'amahoro yo mumutima.

Ibibazo

Niki kintu gikomeye cyane muguhitamo fibre optique itanga insinga?

Ikintu gikomeye cyane ni uguhuza ubushobozi bwabatanga nibikenerwa byinganda. Ibi birimo ibidukikije, ibisabwa byamakuru, hamwe nintera yoherejwe.

Kuki ibyemezo byinganda bifite akamaro kuri fibre optique?

Impamyabumenyi yinganda yemeza ko uwatanze isoko yiyemeje ubuziranenge n'umutekano. Bemeza ko insinga za fibre optique zujuje imikorere yihariye kandi yizewe yo gukoresha inganda.

Nigute inkunga ya tekinike itanga inyungu kubakoresha inganda?

Inkunga ikomeye ya tekiniki itanga ubufasha bwihuse kubibazo nibibazo. Abatanga isoko nka Dowell Industry Group batanga ibyangombwa byinshi hamwe nibikoresho byamahugurwa, byemeza kohereza no gufata neza abakoresha inganda.