Insinga za Fiber Optique muri Peteroli na Gazi: Gutuma habaho itumanaho ryizewe

Insinga za fibre optique ni ingenzi mu itumanaho ryizewe mu nganda za peteroli na gaze. Zitanga uburyo bwo gutumanaho budasanzwe, ubudahangarwa ku buryo amashanyarazi adashobora kwinjiramo, kandi zigatanga amakuru mu ntera ndende mu bidukikije bikomeye. Ibi bikemura ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bukomeye. Ibibazo by’itumanaho bishobora gutera igihombo gikomeye mu by’imari, bishobora guhomba ibihumbi icumi ku mukozi buri mwaka.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Insinga za fibre optiqueni ingenzi cyane kuri peteroli na gaze. Zohereza amakuru vuba kandi zikora neza ahantu hagoye.
• Izi nsinga zifasha abakozi kurinda umutekano. Zinatuma ibikorwa bya peteroli na gazi bigenda neza.
• Fiber optique ifasha mu kubona peteroli na gaze. Igenzura kandi imiyoboro n'imashini zigenzura ibintu ziri kure.

Imbogamizi zidasanzwe mu itumanaho mu mikorere ya peteroli na gaze

Imiterere mibi y'imikorere ya Fiber Optic Cable

Ibikorwa bya peteroli na gaze biba mu turere tumwe na tumwe tugoranye cyane ku isi. Ibikoresho, harimo n'ibikorwaremezo by'itumanaho, bigomba kwihanganira imimerere mibi cyane. Urugero, insinga za fibre optique, akenshi zikora mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -40°C na +85°C. Insinga zidasanzwe zishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri 500°C, hamwe n'insinga zimwe na zimwe zihanganira kugeza kuri 1000°C. Izi nsinga kandi zihura n'umuvuduko ukomeye, wagenewe kwihanganira ikirere cya hyperbaric kugeza kuri 5000 bar. Ubwo buhanga ni ingenzi mu kohereza amakuru mu butayu, mu turere twa arctice, no mu nyanja nini. Dowell atanga ibisubizo kuri ibi bidukikije bigoye.

Imikorere ya kure n'ikwirakwizwa isaba insinga ya Fiber Optic

Ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze bikunze kuba mu turere twa kure, twitaruye, kure y’imijyi. Urugero, imiyoboro y’amazi ikunze kurenga ibirometero ibihumbi mu ntara cyangwa ibihugu byinshi. Uku gukwirakwira gukomeye mu turere bisaba ibisubizo bikomeye by’itumanaho. Impuguke zikunze gukenera kuvugana n’abakozi bo mu ishami rishinzwe itumanaho mu birometero amagana, cyangwa ndetse no mu bice bitandukanye by’isi. Imbuga n’ibikoresho byo mu mazi nabyo bisaba itumanaho ryizewe, akenshi rishingira ku itumanaho rya satelite kugira ngo riboneke ku isi yose. Uku gukwirakwira gutuma itumanaho riba ikibazo gikomeye.

Icyerekezo cy'Ihererekanywa ry'Amakuru mu Gihe Nyacyo hifashishijwe Fiber Optic Cable

Kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse ni ingenzi cyane mu mutekano no kunoza ibikorwa bya peteroli na gaze. Sisitemu zo kugenzura zigenzura ibikorwa by'ingenzi, zigasaba igisubizo cyihuse. Urugero, sisitemu yo kugenzura igitutu cy'igerageza, yageze ku gihe cy'intera ya 150 ms, ihura n'ibikenewe mu itumanaho mu buryo bwihuse mu nganda. Sisitemu zigezweho zishinzwe umutekano zikunze gusaba ibisubizo byihuse kurushaho, rimwe na rimwe bigasaba igihe cyo gutinda muri milisegonda nto. Uku gukwirakwira kw'amakuru vuba bituma umuntu afata ibyemezo byihuse kandi bikarinda ibyago bishobora kubaho. Kwizerwa kwaInsinga ya Fiber Opticigenzura ko aya makuru y'ingenzi agenda nta nkomyi.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'insinga za Fiber Optic mu itumanaho rya peteroli na gaze

Umuyoboro wa Fiber Optic ufite bandwidth nyinshi n'ubushobozi bwo gukusanya amakuru

Inganda zikora peteroli na gaze zitanga amakuru menshi cyane, kuva ku bushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’isi kugeza ku igenzura ry’amariba mu gihe nyacyo. Ibi bisaba ibikorwa remezo by’itumanaho bishobora gucunga amakuru menshi ku muvuduko mwinshi.Insinga za fibre optiqueIrakora neza muri uru rwego, itanga ubushobozi bwo gukoresha interineti n'amakuru menshi ugereranije n'insinga zisanzwe z'umuringa. Zisanzwe zishyigikira umuvuduko wa 10 Gbps, 40 Gbps, na 100 Gbps, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo kugera kuri 400 Gbps no kurenza. Ubushobozi bwo mu gihe kizaza bushobora kugera kuri terabits ku isegonda (Tbps).

Ubu bushobozi buhanitse butuma amakuru yoherezwa neza mu bikorwa bigoye, bigatuma isesengura ryihuse kandi rigafatwa ibyemezo.

Ubudahangarwa ku Guhungabanywa n'Amashanyarazi (EMI) hakoreshejwe Fiber Optic Cable

Ibidukikije bya peteroli na gaze byuzuyemo amasoko y’ingufu za elegitoroniki (EMI), nka moteri zikomeye, moteri zitanga moteri, n’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite ingufu nyinshi. Ibi bishobora kwangiza cyane ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi bitwarwa n’insinga z’umuringa, bigatera kwangirika kw’amakuru no kunanirwa k’itumanaho. Insinga za fibre optique, ariko, ntizishobora kwangirika. Zigizwe n’ibikoresho bya dielectric kandi zikora mu buryo butunguranye, bivuze ko zidakenera ingufu z’amashanyarazi aho zihurira. Iyi miterere y’umwimerere irinda kwangirika kw’ibimenyetso kuri:

• Interference y'imivuduko y'amaraso igenda gahoro (LPI)
• Interference y'insinga z'amashanyarazi (PLI)

Gutandukanya amashanyarazi no kutagira ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikenewe ku mutwe w'icyuma gipima amashanyarazi nabyo bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika iyo bihuye n'amazi atwara amashanyarazi nk'amazi cyangwa amazi yo mu kigega. Ubu budahangarwa butuma habaho itumanaho rihamye kandi ryizewe mu bidukikije birimo urusaku rw'amashanyarazi.

Kohereza ubutumwa kure cyane hakoreshejwe insinga ya Fiber Optic

Ibikorwa bya peteroli na gaze akenshi bikora intera ndende, kuva ku miyoboro minini y'amazi kugeza ku mbuga za kure zo mu nyanja. Kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwizewe muri ubu buryo burebure bitanga imbogamizi ikomeye ku buryo gakondo bwo gutumanaho. Insinga za fibre optique zohereza ibimenyetso by'urumuri ku buryo budakomeye, bigatuma bitwara intera ndende cyane bitabaye ngombwa ko ibimenyetso bikomeza kwiyongera. Ubu bushobozi bugabanya ingorane z'ibikorwa remezo n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, bigatuma biba byiza mu guhuza imitungo itatanye cyane n'ibigo bigenzura.

Kongera Umutekano n'Umutekano hakoreshejwe Fiber Optic Cable

Umutekano ni ingenzi cyane mu nganda za peteroli na gazi, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bifite imyuka n'ibintu bishobora gushya. Insinga za fibre optique ntizitwara amashanyarazi, bikuraho ibyago by'ibishashi cyangwa amatara magufi y'amashanyarazi ashobora gutwika ikirere giturika. Ibi bituma zitekanye cyane mu gukwirakwizwa mu bice biteje akaga. Byongeye kandi, itumanaho rya fibre optique ritanga umutekano mwinshi. Gukoresha umurongo wa fibre optique nta kubimenya biragoye cyane, bitanga umuyoboro utekanye w'amakuru y'ingenzi mu mikorere no gukumira ko abantu batabigeraho.

Kuramba no kuramba kwa Fiber Optic Cable

Imiterere mibi y’ibidukikije bya peteroli na gaze isaba ibikoresho biramba cyane. Insinga za fibre optique zakozwe kugira ngo zihangane n’ubushyuhe bukabije, umuvuduko mwinshi, n’ibintu byangiza biboneka mu mazi no mu mwobo umanuka. Urugero, insinga zo munsi y’amazi zikora mu mazi zirenza imyaka 25. Sisitemu zo munsi y’amazi, harimo n’insinga, zagenewe gukora neza mu gihe cy’imyaka 25 mu gihe cy’ibidukikije bikabije. Nubwo igihe cy’imikorere cyakozwe ari kirekire, isesengura ry’insinga zisubiramo ryavuyeho kuva mu 2010 ryerekana ko impuzandengo y’ubuzima bw’ubukungu bw’imyaka 17. Ibigo nka Dowell bigira uruhare muri iki gikorwa remezo cy’ingenzi binyuze mu gutanga ibisubizo bikomeye kandi birambye bya fibre optique byagenewe ibi bihe bigoye. Ubushobozi bwazo bwo guhangana n’ibibazo butuma habaho imikorere ihoraho kandi bigabanya gukenera gusimburwa kenshi, bikagira uruhare mu gukomeza gukora no kuzigama amafaranga.

Imikoreshereze y'Insinga za Fiber Optic muri Peteroli na Gazi

Gukurikirana no Gupima Umwobo Unyuze mu Mugozi wa Fiber Optic

Insinga za fibre optiquebigira uruhare runini mu kugenzura no gutahura ibintu biri hasi, bitanga amakuru nyayo aturutse mu byobo bya peteroli na gazi. Ibi byuma bipima bitanga ubuziranenge n'ubwizerwe mu bihe bikomeye. Abahanga mu by'imashini bakoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwa byuma bipima fibre optique kugira ngo bakurikirane ibipimo by'ingenzi nk'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi.

Ubwoko busanzwe bwa sensor za fiber optic burimo:

• Gukwirakwiza Raman (bikoreshwa muri DTS): Ubu buryo bufasha kumenya uburyo amajwi akoreshwa n'ubushyuhe. Bukunze gukoreshwa mu kumenya ubushyuhe bukwirakwizwa (DTS).
• Brillouin scattering (ikoreshwa muri DSS na DTS): Ubu buryo busubiza ku bushyuhe n'ubukonje binyuze mu isesengura ry'impinduka z'umuvuduko. Bukoreshwa muri Distributed Strain Sensing (DSS) na Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS).

Ibyuma bipima umuvuduko byihariye nabyo bikoresha fibre optique:

• Sensor y'umuvuduko wa FBG: Izi sensor ni ntoya, ntizishobora kwangizwa n’amashanyarazi, kandi zifite umutekano. Zitanga ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu bitandukanye. Ibyuma bya FBG byapimye ubushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko (kugeza kuri 400 °C na 100 MPa). Bikora neza mu buryo buhamye mu bice biri munsi y’ubutaka (urugero, 0-150 °C na 0-80 MPa) bifite umuvuduko mwinshi, byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu akoreshe ibyo bice biri munsi y’ubutaka.
• Sensor y'umuvuduko wa LPFG: Ibikoresho byo gupima ubushyuhe bw'igihe kirekire bikora binyuze mu guhinduranya imiterere y'urumuri mu buryo butunguranye. Ibi bituma urumuri ruhurirana mu cyerekezo kimwe. Imiterere y'urumuri rwabyo ihinduka cyane mu gihe cy'impinduka mu bushyuhe n'imiterere y'urumuri rwo hanze, bigatuma biba byiza mu kumenya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi.

Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza muri make ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa sensor ya fiber optique n'ikoreshwa ryayo:

Gushakisha Imitingito no Kubona Amakuru hakoreshejwe Insinga ya Fiber Optic

Ubushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’isi bushingiye cyane ku gushaka amakuru nyayo kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y’ubutaka. Insinga za fibre optique zongerera ubu buryo cyane. Zohereza amakuru menshi ya seismic kuva ku bikoresho bitandukanye bipima amashanyarazi kugeza ku bikoresho bitunganya ibintu bifite ubwiza n’umuvuduko mwinshi. Geophone gakondo zikunze kugira ikibazo cyo kwangirika kwa electromagnetic no kwangirika kw’ibimenyetso mu ntera ndende. Ariko, fibre optique itanga ibimenyetso bisobanutse neza kandi bitagira ingaruka ku mihindagurikire y’ibintu. Ibi bituma abahanga mu by’isi barema amashusho nyayo y’ibigega byo munsi y’ubutaka, bigatuma habaho ingamba zo gucukura no gukora neza. Imiterere ikomeye y’izi nsinga kandi ituma habaho imikorere yizewe mu bihe bigoye byo mu murima.

Imiyoboro y'itumanaho ya Platform na Rig ikoresheje Fiber Optic Cable

Imbuga n'ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze byo mu mazi bisaba imiyoboro y'itumanaho ikomeye kandi yizewe. Iyi miyoboro ihuza abakozi, sisitemu zo kugenzura, n'ibigo by'amakuru. Insinga za fibre optique nizo zigize inkingi y'ibikorwa remezo by'ingenzi by'itumanaho.

Imiterere isanzwe y'imiyoboro ishyirwa mu bikorwa kuri platforms irimo:

• Imiterere y'inyubako y'icyiciro cya gatatu: Iyi miterere irimo ibice by'ibanze, ikwirakwizwa, n'ibice byo kwinjira. Itunganya umuyoboro neza. Icyiciro cy'ibanze gicunga amakuru yihuta cyane, urwego rwo gukwirakwiza rucunga urujya n'uruza rw'abantu, kandi urwego rwo kwinjira ruhuza ibikoresho byo ku mpera.
• Umugongo wa Fiber optique: Ibi bikoresha insinga za fiber optique kugira ngo byongere umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru no kwizera. Bitanga ubudahangarwa ku buryo amashanyarazi adashobora kwinjiramo ndetse n'umuvuduko munini w'itumanaho.
• Ihuza ry'umuyoboro udafite umugozi: Ibi birimo ikoranabuhanga nka Wi-Fi na interineti ya satelite. Bitanga ubushobozi bwo koroshya no kugenda ku bakozi bari kuri urwo rubuga.
• Ikoranabuhanga rya Edge: Ibi bigabanya kohereza amakuru yose ku bigo by’amakuru byo ku nkombe z’inyanja. Binoza imikorere myiza yo gutunganya amakuru kandi bigabanya gutinda ku bikorwa by’ikoranabuhanga bireba igihe.

Byongeye kandi, ibisubizo bigezweho byo guhuza itumanaho byongera imikorere y’inkombe z’inyanja:

• Urusobe rw'amakuru rwa fiber optique rwo munsi y'inyanja rwihuta cyane: Ibi bitanga uburyo bwo kugera kuri interineti ikoresheje umuyoboro wa interineti ufite ubushobozi bwo hejuru. Bituma habaho gufata ibyemezo byihuse, kongera imikorere myiza, kunoza umutekano, no kugabanya ikiguzi cy'imikorere. Bitanga ubutinde budasanzwe ugereranije n'itumanaho risanzwe rya satelite.
• Umuyoboro wa 4G LTE wo hanze y'igihugu: Ibi byongerera umuyoboro uburyo bwo kugera ku mashini zigendanwa n’izizunguruka. Bitanga itumanaho ryizewe ndetse no mu bihe bigoye. Ibi bikemura imbogamizi z’ubutinda bukabije n’umuvuduko mu buryo budahagije mu gukoresha satelite.
• Ihuza ry'amakuru ya radiyo hagati y'intambwe n'intambwe: Iri koranabuhanga ryizewe rigira akamaro aho gukoresha insinga z'amashanyarazi bigoye cyangwa bihenze. Ritanga ubushobozi bwo hejuru, igihe gito cyo kudatembera, kandi rikora neza cyane. Abakoresha bakunze kurikoresha mu guhuza urubuga rudahinduka rwo mu mazi.

Gukurikirana no Gutahura aho amazi aturuka hakoreshejwe Fiber Optic Cable

Imiyoboro itwara peteroli na gazi mu ntera ndende, bigatuma igenzura rihoraho riba ingenzi mu rwego rw'umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije. Insinga za fibre optique zitanga igisubizo kigezweho cyo kugenzura imiyoboro no kumenya aho amazi aturuka. Sisitemu zo Gupima Acoustic Sensing (DAS), zikoresha fibre optique, zimenya aho amazi aturuka mu miyoboro. Izi mvururu zishobora kwerekana aho amazi aturuka, aho amazi aturuka, cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasanzwe.

Sisitemu zo kumenya amajwi zikoresha fibre optique (DAS) zimenya imitingito y’imiyoboro idafite imbaraga iterwa n’amazi. Mu igerageza, amazi make yabonetse neza (mm 1 kuri bars 5) yahuye n’igipimo cy’amazi cya hafi 0.14% by’amazi atemba. Sisitemu nyinshi zisanzwe zikoresha amazi zidashobora kugera kuri iki gipimo. Ubu buryo bumenya kandi bugasobanura aho amazi atemba ku miyoboro ya gazi atemba, igipimo kiri munsi ya 1% by’amazi atemba.

Sisitemu za DAS zigaragaza ubuhanga buhanitse mu kumenya ibikorwa by'imiyoboro:

Uru rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuhanga butuma abakora ibikorwa byabo bashobora kumenya vuba ibibazo bishobora kubaho, birinda kwangirika gukomeye kw’ibidukikije n’igihombo cy’ubukungu.

Umurimo wo kure n'ibigo bigenzura imikorere bikoresha insinga ya Fiber Optic

Inganda zikora peteroli na gaze zigenda zikoresha ibikorwa bya kure n'ibigo bigenzura biri ahantu hamwe. Ibi bigo bicunga imitungo myinshi iherereye ahantu hamwe. Insinga za fibre optique ni ingenzi cyane mu guhuza izi nyubako za kure n'ibigo bigenzura. Zitanga itumanaho rikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, rikeye cyane rikenewe mu guhanahana amakuru mu buryo nyabwo no kugenzura ibikoresho biri kure. Ibi bituma abakora bakurikirana umusaruro, bahindura ibipimo, kandi bagasubiza ibibazo bivuye mu birometero amagana cyangwa ibihumbi. Kwizerwa no kwihuta kw'imiyoboro ya fibre optique bishyigikira impinduka mu nganda mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, byongera imikorere myiza, bigabanya ibisabwa n'abakozi bo mu kigo, kandi binoza umutekano muri rusange.

Imbogamizi n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza ku nsinga za Fiber Optic

Ibitekerezo ku gushyiraho no kubungabunga insinga za Fiber Optic

Gukoreshainsinga za fibre optiqueMu nganda za peteroli na gaze hagaragara imbogamizi zidasanzwe. Gushyiramo bikunze kubaho ahantu hatandukanye kandi hagoye, hakenera ibikoresho byihariye n'abakozi babihuguriwe cyane. Urugero, gushyiraho munsi y'inyanja bisaba ubuhanga buhamye bwo gushyiramo no kurinda ibintu byo mu mazi. Kubungabunga iyi miyoboro ikomeye bisaba kandi igenzura rihoraho no gusana vuba kugira ngo imikorere ikomeze. Ibigo bigomba guteganya uburyo bwo gukora neza kugira ngo porogaramu ikore neza.

Isesengura ry'inyungu n'ikiguzi ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Fiber Optic Cable

Ishoramari rya mbere ryainsinga ya fibre optiqueIbikorwa remezo bishobora kuba byinshi. Ibi birimo ikiguzi cy'insinga zihariye, gushyiraho, no guhuza na sisitemu zisanzwe. Ariko, inyungu z'igihe kirekire zikunze kuruta izi zikoreshwa mbere. Sisitemu za fibre optique zitanga icyizere cyo hejuru, ubushobozi bwo kubika amakuru buri hejuru, kandi zigatanga ikiguzi gito cyo gukora ugereranije n'ibisubizo bisanzwe by'umuringa. Igihe cyazo cyo kuramba no kugabanuka kw'ibikenewe mu kubungabunga bigira uruhare mu kuzigama amafaranga menshi uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibi bituma ziba amahitamo meza ku giciro gito mu bikorwa by'ingenzi bya peteroli na gaze.

Ikoranabuhanga Rigezweho n'Inzira Zigezweho mu Ikoreshwa ry'Insinga za Fiber Optic

Ahazaza ha fibre optique muri peteroli na gaze hakubiyemo guhanga udushya mu bikoresho no kumenya neza. Abakora bakora ibikoresho bigezweho nk'imigozi irinda umuriro, idashyuha, ndetse n'imigozi irinzwe na UV kugira ngo yuzuze amahame akomeye ku bidukikije bikomeye. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga karuboni rinoza imikorere binyuze mu gice gikomeye cya karuboni. Iki gice gikora nk'imbogamizi ku gukwirakwira kwa hydrogen, kigenzura imikorere mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Imiterere yihariye ya Fiber Optique Cable ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo guhindura ikirahure kandi yemerwa na NASA mu gusohora imyuka mike. Izi nsinga zijyanye n'ubushyuhe bwinshi nko mu nganda n'ibikoresho by'indege. Zigaragaza kandi kuramba cyane mu bidukikije byangiza nk'inganda za shimi n'ibikoresho bya peteroli byo mu mazi. Dowell agira uruhare muri iri terambere, atanga ibisubizo ku bihe bikomeye. Ingendo zigaragara zirimo iterambere ry'imigozi ikomeye kandi idashyuha cyane. Zirimo kandi guhuza sensor za fibre optique kugira ngo zigenzure kandi zigenzure mu bihe bikomeye.

Insinga za fibre optique ni ingenzi cyane mu gutumanaho kwizerwa kandi kw'imikorere myiza mu nganda za peteroli na gaze. Zituma habaho imikorere myiza, zikongera umutekano, kandi zigashyigikira impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga. Izi nsinga zikemura neza ibibazo byihariye by’ibidukikije n’imikorere. Ibigo nka Dowell (https://www.fiberopticcn.com/about-us/) bitanga ibikorwa remezo by’ingenzi, bitanga umusanzu ukomeye muri uru rwego rw’ingenzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iki gituma insinga za fiber optique ziba nziza mu bikorwa bya peteroli na gaze?

Insinga za fibre optiqueBitanga umuyoboro munini w’itumanaho, ubudahangarwa ku buryo amashanyarazi adashobora kwinjiramo, ndetse no kohereza amakuru kure. Binatanga umutekano mwinshi no kuramba mu bidukikije bikomeye.

Ni gute insinga za fiber optique zifasha mu kugenzura imiyoboro?

Insinga za fibre optique, binyuze muri Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), zibona imitingito mito ku miyoboro. Ibi bigaragaza amazi ava, kwinjira, n'ibindi bintu bidasobanutse neza.

Ese insinga za fiber optique zishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukabije mu bikorwa byo mu mazi?

Yego, insinga za fibre optique na sensors byihariye bihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 500, hamwe n'insinga zimwe na zimwe ziguma kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 1000. Ibi bituma habaho uburyo bwo kugenzura ikirere mu buryo bwizewe.