Guhitamo iburyofibre optiqueni ngombwa mubikorwa byinganda. Amahitamo yihuta nkaduplex fibre optique yamashanyarazikuzamura amakuru yohereza amakuru, kugabanya gutakaza ibimenyetso no kunoza ibicuruzwa. Ibisubizo biramba, nkaibirwanisho bya fibre optique, kwihanganira ibidukikije bikaze, byemeza kwizerwa. Guhuza naUmugozi wa SCnaUmugozi wa LCabahuza barusheho kunoza imikorere.
Ibyingenzi
- Toranya fibre optique ya fibre optique kugirango utezimbere amakuru kandi ugabanye gutakaza ibimenyetso mugukoresha inganda.
- HitamoUbwoko bwa fibre iburyo(uburyo bumwe cyangwa uburyo bwinshi) ukurikije intera namakuru ukeneye kohereza.
- Guraimigozi ikomeye, ikomeyeibyo birashobora gukemura ibibazo bitoroshye byo gukoresha igihe kirekire no kugiciro cyo gusana.
Imikorere n'umuyoboro mugari
Umuyoboro mwinshi kuri porogaramu zikoreshwa mu nganda
Ibidukikije byinganda birakeneweamakuru yihuta yohereza amakurukwemeza ibikorwa bidafite intego. Fibre optique yamashanyarazi irenze muriyi ngingo, ikoresha urumuri rwo kohereza amakuru, iruta cyane ibisubizo gakondo bya cabling. Iyi migozi itanga ubushobozi bwikirenga bwihuse hamwe nihuta ryogukwirakwiza amakuru, bigatuma iba ingenzi mubikorwa nkitumanaho nibigo byamakuru. Isoko rya fibre optique yamashanyarazi ku isi, biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 1.5 z'amadolari muri 2027, ryerekana uburyo bugenda bwishingikiriza ku bisubizo byihuse. Hamwe niterambere ryiyongera rya 8,6% CAGR kuva 2020 kugeza 2027, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya fibre optique ikomeje kwiyongera, bitewe no gukenera amakuru neza no kugabanya ubukererwe.
Uburyo bumwe hamwe na Multi-Mode Fibre
Guhitamo hagatiuburyo bumwe na fibre-moderi nyinshiBiterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu. Fibre imwe-imwe, hamwe na diameter ntoya ntoya, ishyigikira intera ndende ya kilometero 40 kandi itanga umurongo mugari utagira umupaka. Ibinyuranyo, fibre-moderi nyinshi, yerekana diameter nini nini, nibyiza kubirometero bigufi kuva kuri 550 m kugeza kuri 2 km. Zitanga umurongo wa 28.000 MHz * km kandi umuvuduko wa 100 Mbps kugeza 10 Gbps. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana muri make itandukaniro ryingenzi:
| Ikiranga | Fibre imwe | Ibikoresho byinshi |
|---|---|---|
| Diameter | Diameter ntoya | Umurambararo munini |
| Intera yoherejwe | Kugera kuri 40 km | 550 m kugeza kuri 2 km |
| Umuyoboro mugari | Mubyukuri bitagira imipaka | Kugera kuri 28000 MHz * km |
| Umuvuduko wo Kohereza | 10 Gbps kugeza 40 Gbps | 100 Mbps kugeza 10 Gbps |
| Kwitonda | 0.4 dB / km kugeza 1 dB / km | Kurenza kilometero 2 |
Ibyiza bya Wavelength Urwego no kohereza ibimenyetso
Urwego rwa optique yumurongo rufite uruhare runini mukumenya neza uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso. Umugozi wa fibre optique ikora mumurongo wihariye wuburebure, nka 850 nm, 1310 nm, na 1550 nm, kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi ugabanye imikorere. Igihombo cyo gushiramo, mubisanzwe munsi ya 0.3 dB, no gutakaza igihombo, kirenze 45 dB, birusheho kongera ubwizerwe bwiyi migozi. Inganda nk’imodoka n’amashuri makuru yatangaje ko hari byinshi byahinduye mu mikorere y’urusobe n’umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru nyuma yo gufata ibisubizo bigezweho bya fibre optique.
Kuramba no Kurwanya Ibidukikije
Kurwanya Ubushyuhe n'Ubushuhe
Ibidukikije byinganda bikunze kwerekana imigozi ya fibre optique kubushyuhe bukabije nubushuhe bukabije. Ibi bintu birashobora gutesha agaciro imikorere niba insinga zabuze guhangana neza. Intsinga zidashobora kwihanganira ubushuhe zirimo inzitizi zateye imbere zibuza kwinjira mu mazi, bigatuma ibimenyetso bitarangizwa ndetse no mu kirere cyinshi. Uburyo bwo kwipimisha, nko guhura nubushyuhe bugenzurwa nubushyuhe, byemeza ko byiringirwa.
| Intambwe | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Imiterere | Gutuza abahuza mubidukikije bigenzurwa nubushyuhe bwihariye nubushuhe. |
| Gushiraho Ikizamini | Gushyira abahuza mucyumba gikomeza ibintu byifuzwa mugihe cyose. |
| Kumurika | Gutanga umuhuza kubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushuhe mugihe cyagenwe. |
| Gukurikirana | Gukomeza gusuzuma imikorere nibimenyetso byo gutesha agaciro mugihe cyo kwerekana. |
| Isuzuma | Gusuzuma ibyangiritse bigaragara no gukora ibizamini byamashanyarazi nyuma yo kwerekana imikorere. |
Ibi bizamini bikomeye byemeza ko inganda-fibre optique yamashanyarazikomeza ubunyangamugayo bwabomu bihe bigoye ibidukikije.
Kurwanya Imiti na Abrasion
Igenamiterere ryinganda akenshi ririmo guhura nimiti ikaze no kwambara kumubiri. Fibre optique yamashanyarazi yagenewe ibi bidukikije ikoresha ibikoresho birwanya imiti kugirango irinde ibintu byangirika nkamavuta na solde. Ikoti ikozwe mu bikoresho biramba, nk'ibyuma 302 bitagira umuyonga hamwe n'udodo twa aramide, birinda fibre imbaraga zo guhonyora. Iyi nyubako itanga ubwizerwe bwigihe kirekire, ndetse no mubidukikije bifite imashini ziremereye cyangwa ibintu byangiza.
Ruggedized Fibre Optic Patch Cords
Imigozi ya fibre optique yamashanyarazi ikozwe kugirango ihangane nubukanishi, kunyeganyega, hamwe nibihe bikabije. Izo nsinga zirimo ubushuhe no kurwanya ruswa, imbaraga zingana, hamwe no kurwanya ingaruka. Urugero:
| Ikiranga | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Kurwanya Ubushuhe | Inzitizi zateye imbere zibuza amazi kwinjira, zemeza kohereza ibimenyetso bihoraho. |
| Kurwanya ruswa | Ibikoresho kabuhariwe birinda isuri yimiti, byemeza igihe kirekire. |
| Imbaraga | Yashizweho kugirango ihangane nihungabana ryimashini hamwe no kunyeganyega bisanzwe mubikorwa byinganda. |
| Ingaruka zo Kurwanya | Yubatswe kugirango irwanye guhonyora hamwe nimbaraga zikomeye zo guhonyora, byemeza kuramba mubihe bisabwa. |
Ibiranga gukora insinga zomugenzi zingirakamaro mugukwirakwiza amakuru yizewe mubidukikije no hanze.
Ubwoko bwihuza nubwuzuzanye
Ubwoko Bwihuza
Ihuza rya fibre optique igira uruhare runini mugukwirakwiza amakuru adahwitse muguhuza imigozi ya fibre optique nibikoresho cyangwa izindi nsinga. Ubwoko burenga 100 bwihuza burahari, ariko bike byiganje mubikorwa byinganda bitewe nubwizerwe nibikorwa. Muri byo harimo:
- Abahuza FC: Azwiho uburyo bwo guhuza screw, aba bahuza bashyigikira amakuru yihuta agera kuri 64 Gbps kandi akoreshwa cyane mubigo byamakuru hamwe nububiko bwibibanza (SAN).
- Abahuza MPO: Umuyoboro mwinshi ufite fibre zigera kuri 72, zitanga umuvuduko ugera kuri 400 Gbps. Kuramba kwabo hamwe no gutakaza kwinjiza kwinshi bituma biba byiza kubikorwa bya mudasobwa.
- Abahuza MT-RJ: Byoroheje kandi biramba, ibyo bihuza bishyigikira umuvuduko ugera kuri 10 Gbps kandi bikunze gukoreshwa mubitumanaho.
Kwemeza Sisitemu Guhuza
Guhitamo ubwoko bwibihuza byerekana neza guhuza sisitemu zihari nibikorwa byiza. Intsinga ya fibre fibre, yagenewe guhangana nihungabana ryimiti n’imiti ikaze, ni ngombwa mubidukikije. Imiyoboro irwanya ubushuhe kandi irwanya ruswa irusheho kongera ubusugire bwurusobe mubihe bigoye. Kurugero, SC ihuza ikoreshwa cyane muri CATV nibikoresho byo kugenzura, mugiheLC umuhuzaindashyikirwa muri Ethernet itumanaho. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ubwoko bwingenzi bwihuza nibisabwa:
| Ubwoko bwihuza | Uburyo bwo guhuza | Kubara Fibre | Porogaramu |
|---|---|---|---|
| SC | Bayonet | 1 | CATV, ibikoresho byo kugenzura |
| LC | Bayonet | 1 | Imiyoboro ya Ethernet |
| MT-RJ | Bayonet | 2 | Itumanaho |
| MPO | Gusunika | Kugera kuri 72 | Kubara-Ibikorwa Byinshi, Kubika Data |
Gusuzuma Ubwiza Bwihuza
Ubwiza bwa fibre optique ihuza byimazeyo ibimenyetso byubuziranenge hamwe na sisitemu yo kwizerwa. Ibipimo by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma birimo:
- Gutakaza: Bikwiye kuguma munsi ya 0.3 dB kugirango ugabanye gutakaza ibimenyetso.
- Garuka Igihombo: Ugomba kurenga 45 dB kugirango ukomeze imbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso.
- Kurangiza Kugenzura Isura: Menya neza ko ubuso bwumuhuza butarangwamo inenge zishobora guhagarika kwanduza.
- Ibizamini bya mashini: Kugenzura niba umuhuza aramba munsi yubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe butandukanye.
Inama: Kubungabunga buri gihe, harimo gukora isuku no kugenzura, byongerera igihe cyo guhuza kandi bigakora imikorere ihamye.
Mugushira imbere imiyoboro ihanitse yujuje ubuziranenge, inganda zirashobora kugera ku makuru yizewe kandi meza, ndetse no mubidukikije bisaba.
Igiciro nubuziranenge
Kuringaniza Igiciro nagaciro kigihe kirekire
Gushora imari murwego rwohejuru rwa fibre optique yamashanyarazi irashobora kugaragara nkigiciro cyambere, arikoinyungu z'igihe kirekirekurenza kure amafaranga yo hejuru. Iyi migozi itanga uburebure budasanzwe, igabanya ibikenewe gusimburwa kenshi no gusana. Imikorere yabo isumba iyongerera amakuru yohereza amakuru, biganisha ku kongera umusaruro no kugabanya umuyoboro muto. Byongeye kandi, ubunini bwabo bushigikira kwaguka kazoza bidasaba kuzamurwa bihenze. Isoko rya fibre optique yamashanyarazi ku isi, biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 1.5 z'amadolari muri 2027 hamwe na CAGR ya 8,6%, byerekana kumenyekanisha agaciro kabo mubikorwa byinganda. Mugihe kwishyiriraho ibiciro hamwe nibiciro byambere bishobora kubuza bamwe, kuzigama igihe kirekire mukubungabunga no gukoresha ingufu bituma bahitamo neza.
Ingaruka zo hasi ya Fibre optique yamashanyarazi
Umuyoboro muke wa fibre optique yamashanyaraziingaruka zikomeyemu nganda. Bakunda guhomba igihombo, gishobora gutesha agaciro ubwiza bwibimenyetso no guhagarika ibikorwa. Imbaraga zidahagije zongerera amahirwe yo kunanirwa insinga mukibazo cya mehaniki. Imyitozo mibi yo kwishyiriraho irushijeho gukaza ibyo bibazo, biganisha ku gusenyuka kenshi hamwe nigiciro kinini cyo kubungabunga. Izi ngaruka ntizihungabanya gusa sisitemu yo kwizerwa ahubwo inatuma habaho igihe cyo guteganya igihe, gishobora kubahenze inganda zishingiye ku guhererekanya amakuru kudahagarara. Guhitamo imigozi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru igabanya izo ngaruka, ikemeza imikorere ihamye kandi yizewe.
Igiciro-Cyiza Igisubizo cyo Gukoresha Inganda
Inganda zo mu rwego rwa fibre optique yamashanyarazi itanga igisubizo cyiza muguhuza igihe kirekire, gukora neza, hamwe nubunini. Kugabanuka kwabo basabwa kubungabunga ibiciro byo gusana, mugihe amakuru yihuse yongerera umusaruro ibikorwa. Ubushobozi bwumurongo mwinshi butuma ibigo byapima imiyoboro yabo nta nkomyi, birinda kuvugurura bihenze. Byongeye kandi, ingufu zabo zigabanya gukoresha ingufu, biganisha ku kuzigama igihe kirekire. Mugushora muriyi nsinga zateye imbere, inganda zirashobora kubaka ibikorwa remezo bikomeye kandi bizaza bitanga umusaruro unoze hamwe no kuzigama amafaranga mugihe.
Kwishyiriraho no Kubungabunga
Kuborohereza
Inganda fibre optique yamashanyarazi yoroshya kwishyiriraho ibicuruzwa byarangiye uruganda rwemeza imikorere myiza. Iyi migozi yabanje kurangira ikuraho gukenera kurubuga, kugabanya ibintu bigoye nigihe cyo kwishyiriraho. Gutegura neza no gutegura neza kurushaho kunoza inzira. Urugero:
- Abatekinisiye barashobora kugabanya igihe cyo gutegura ibikoresho nibikoresho mbere.
- Sobanura ibirango nibyangombwa, bihujwe na TIA-606-C, bifasha kubungabunga ishyirahamwe no kugabanya amakosa.
Inama: Irinde kunama cyangwa guhonda insinga mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho kugirango ubungabunge ibimenyetso kandi wirinde kwangirika.
Byongeye kandi, ibizamini nyuma yubushakashatsi byemeza ko amahuza yose yujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho, bitanga ikizere muburyo bwa sisitemu.
Kubungabunga imyitozo myiza
Kubungabunga inzira ni ngombwa mu kongera igihe cyo gukora no gukora imigozi ya fibre optique. Ibikorwa by'ingenzi birimo:
- Gukora ubugenzuzi bugaragara kugirango umenye ibyangiritse ku mubiri, nk'ibimenyetso by'ibibazo cyangwa ibice.
- Isuku ihuza irangira buri gihe kugirango ikureho ivumbi n imyanda ishobora guhungabanya ibimenyetso.
- Guteganya ibihe byerekana ibimenyetso kugirango ugenzure imikorere ihamye.
Amahugurwa akwiye kubatekinisiye yemeza ko bakoresha imigozi neza, bikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kubwimpanuka. Mugihe cyo gupima ingufu za optique, kubungabunga isuku no gukurikiza inzira zashyizweho byongera ubwizerwe.
Icyitonderwa: Sisitemu ibungabunzwe neza ntabwo itezimbere imikorere gusa ahubwo inagabanya ibiciro byigihe kirekire bijyanye no gusana no gusimbuza.
Uburebure bwa Cable hamwe nibisabwa
Guhitamo umugozi wukuri hamwe nubwoko bwihuza nibyingenzi mubikorwa byiza mubikorwa byinganda. Umugozi wa fibre ugomba guhuza diameter yibanze yinsinga zumutiba kugirango wirinde ibihano. Kurugero, ukoresheje umugozi wa 62.5-μm wumugozi ufite umugozi wa 50-μm wumugozi urashobora gutesha agaciro ubwiza bwibimenyetso.
Mugihe ugena uburebure bwa kabili, tekereza intera iri hagati yibice byurusobe na radiyo igoramye. Intsinga ngufi zigabanya ubunebwe kandi zigumana isura nziza, mugihe insinga ndende zishobora guhinduka mugushiraho ibintu bigoye.
Inyigo: Toyota Motor Corporation yazamuye umusaruro mukoresha insinga zo hanze zo hanze zifite uburebure bujyanye nibisabwa byihariye nibidukikije.
Mugukemura ibyo bintu, inganda zirashobora kwemeza neza kandi zigakomeza imikorere myiza.
Guhitamo inganda-fibre optique yamashanyarazi bisaba gutekereza neza kubushobozi bwumurongo, intera yoherejwe, kuramba, guhuza, hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga. Izi ngingo zemeza gukora neza, kwizerwa, no gukora igihe kirekire. Kwiyongera gukenewe kuri interineti yihuta na tekinoroji yibanda ku makuru bishimangira akamaro k'ibisubizo bikomeye. Imigozi ya Dowell itanga ubuziranenge budasanzwe, ikemura ibyo bikenewe bikenewe neza kandi byizewe.
Ibibazo
Ni irihe tandukaniro ryibanze riri hagati yuburyo bumwe nuburyo bwinshi bwa fibre optique yamashanyarazi?
Ubwoko bumwe bwa fibre bushyigikira intera ndende hamwe na cores ntoya, mugihe fibre-moderi nyinshi iruta intera ngufi hamwe na cores nini nubushobozi bwo hejuru.
Nigute inganda zishobora kubungabunga neza imigozi ya fibre optique?
Inganda zigomba gukora ubugenzuzi buri gihe, guhuza isuku, no kugerageza ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso kugirango bikomeze imikorere kandi byongere igihe cyo kubaho kwa fibre optique.
Ese imigozi ya fibre optique yamashanyarazi irakenewe mubikorwa byose byinganda?
Umugozi ucagaguye ni ngombwa kubidukikije bikaze birimo guhangayika, kunyeganyega, cyangwa imiti. Umugozi usanzwe urahagije kugirango igenzurwe mu nzu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-27-2025