Guhitamo iburyoimigozi y'urukiramende rwa fiber optiqueni ingenzi mu bikorwa by'inganda. Amahitamo yihuta cyane nkaumugozi wa duplex fibre optiquekongera imikorere myiza yo kohereza amakuru, kugabanya igihombo cy'amakuru no kunoza uburyo bwo kuyasohora. Ibisubizo birambye, nkaumugozi w'icyuma gikingira imirasire, kwihanganira ibidukikije bikomeye, bigamije kwizerwa. Guhuza neza naUmugozi w'agapapuro ka SCnaUmugozi w'icyuma cya LCIbihuza birushaho kunoza imikorere.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe
- Hitamo imigozi yihuse ya fiber optique kugira ngo wongere umuvuduko w'amakuru no kugabanya igihombo cy'amakuru mu ikoreshwa ry'inganda.
- Hitamoubwoko bw'umugozi iburyo(uburyo bumwe cyangwa uburyo bwinshi) hashingiwe ku rugero rw'amakuru ugomba kohereza n'ingano yawo.
- Guraimigozi ikomeye kandi ikomeyebishobora guhangana n'ibihe bikomeye kugira ngo bikoreshwe igihe kirekire kandi bigabanye ikiguzi cyo gusana.
Imikorere na Bandwidth
Bandwidth yo hejuru ku bikorwa by'inganda
Ibikenewe mu bijyanye n'ingandakohereza amakuru ku buryo bwihusekugira ngo imikorere yayo irusheho kuba myiza. Imigozi ya Fiber Optic irakora neza muri uru rwego, ikoresha urumuri mu kohereza amakuru, ibyo bikaba birusha cyane ibisubizo bisanzwe byo gukoresha insinga. Iyi migozi itanga ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru ku rundi ruhande n'umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru vuba, bigatuma iba ingenzi mu nganda nka itumanaho n'ibigo by'amakuru. Isoko ry'imigozi ya fiber optic ku isi, riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 1.5 z'amadolari mu 2027, rigaragaza ko kwishingikiriza ku bisubizo byihuse biri kwiyongera. Kubera ko hari igipimo cy'iterambere gitangaje cya 8.6% kuva mu 2020 kugeza 2027, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya fiber optic bikomeje kwiyongera, bitewe n'uko hakenewe kohereza amakuru neza no kugabanya igihe cyo gutinda.
Uburyo bumwe ugereranije na Fiber y'uburyo bwinshi
Guhitamo hagatifibre y'uburyo bumwe n'iy'uburyo bwinshibiterwa n'ibisabwa byihariye by'iyi porogaramu. Imigozi y'uburyo bumwe, ifite umurambararo muto w'ibanze, ishyigikira kohereza amakuru kure kugeza kuri kilometero 40 kandi itanga umurambararo utagira imipaka. Mu buryo bunyuranye, imigozi y'uburyo bwinshi, ifite umurambararo munini w'ibanze, ni nziza ku ntera ngufi iri hagati ya metero 550 na kilometero 2. Itanga umurambararo wa 28.000 MHz * km n'umuvuduko wa kohereza amakuru kuva kuri 100 Mbps kugeza kuri 10 Gbps. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza itandukaniro ry'ingenzi:
| Ikiranga | Fiber y'uburyo bumwe | Fiber y'uburyo bwinshi |
|---|---|---|
| Ingano y'ibanze | Umurambararo muto w'imbere | Umurambararo munini w'imbere |
| Intera yo kohereza ubutumwa | Kugeza kuri 40 km | Kuva kuri metero 550 kugeza kuri kilometero 2 |
| Ubugari bw'umuyoboro | Mu buryo butagira imipaka | Kugeza kuri 28000 MHz *km |
| Umuvuduko wo kohereza ubutumwa | 10 Gbps kugeza 40 Gbps | 100 Mbps kugeza 10 Gbps |
| Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kugabanya | 0.4 dB/km kugeza 1 dB/km | Intera iri hejuru ya kilometero 2 |
Ingano y'uburebure bw'amajwi n'uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso
Uruhererekane rw'uburebure bw'urumuri rufite uruhare runini mu kugena imikorere myiza y'urumuri rw'amajwi. Imigozi ya fibre optique ikora mu ntera yihariye y'uburebure bw'amajwi, nka 850 nm, 1310 nm, na 1550 nm, kugira ngo igabanye igihombo cy'amajwi no kongera imikorere. Igihombo cyo gushyiramo, ubusanzwe kiri munsi ya 0.3 dB, n'igihombo cyo kugaruka, kirenga 45 dB, birushaho kongera ubwizerwe bw'iyi migozi. Inganda nk'inganda zikora imodoka n'amashuri makuru zatangaje ko zateye imbere cyane mu mikorere ya network no kohereza amakuru nyuma yo gukoresha uburyo bwa fibre optique bugezweho.
Kuramba no Kurwanya ibidukikije
Kurwanya ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe
Ibidukikije by’inganda bikunze gushyira imigozi ya fiber optique mu bushyuhe bukabije n’ubushuhe bwinshi. Ibi bishobora kwangiza imikorere iyo insinga zidafite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushuhe. Insinga zirwanya ubushuhe zirimo imigozi igezweho ibuza amazi kwinjira, bigatuma ibimenyetso bitihuta ndetse no mu bihe by’ubushuhe. Uburyo bwo gupima, nko guhura n’ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe bigenzurwa, byemeza ko ari ingirakamaro.
| Intambwe | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Gutunganya | Gutuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi mu kirere gicungwa neza ku bushyuhe n'ubushuhe bwihariye. |
| Gushyiraho Ikizamini | Gushyira imiyoboro mu cyumba kugira ngo ikomeze kuba myiza mu gihe cyose cy'igeragezwa. |
| Guhura n'ibintu | Gushyira imiyoboro ku bushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushuhe mu gihe runaka cyagenwe. |
| Gukurikirana | Gusuzuma buri gihe imikorere n'ibimenyetso by'uko byangiritse mu gihe cyo guhura n'iki kibazo. |
| Isuzuma | Gusuzuma ibyangiritse bigaragara no gukora ibizamini by'amashanyarazi nyuma yo guhura n'ikibazo kugira ngo harebwe imikorere yacyo. |
Ibi bizamini bikomeye byemeza ko imigozi ya fiber optique yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu ngandabagumane ubunyangamugayo bwabomu bihe bigoye by’ibidukikije.
Ubudahangarwa bw'imiti n'uburibwe
Ahantu hakorerwa inganda akenshi haterwa imiti ikaze n'ingufu. Imigozi ya fibre optique ikoreshwa muri ibi bidukikije ikoresha ibikoresho birwanya imiti kugira ngo birinde ibintu byangiza nk'amavuta n'ibintu bishongesha. Amakoti akozwe mu bikoresho biramba, nk'icyuma cya 302 stainless steel n'ubudodo bwa aramid, arinda imigozi kwangirika no gusya. Iyi myubakire ishimangira ko iramba, ndetse no mu bidukikije bifite imashini ziremereye cyangwa ibintu bitera kwangiza.
Insinga z'urukiramende zikozwe mu buryo bwa Fiber Optic Patch
Imigozi ikomeye ya fiber optique ikozwe mu buryo butuma ishobora kwihanganira stress ya mekanike, stress, ndetse n'ibihe bikomeye. Iyi migozi ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushuhe n'ingese, imbaraga zo gukurura, ndetse no kudakora neza. Urugero:
| Ikiranga | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushuhe | Inzitizi zigezweho zirinda amazi kwinjira, bigatuma habaho kohereza ibimenyetso mu buryo buhoraho. |
| Ubudahangarwa bw'inkongi | Ibikoresho byihariye birinda isuri ya shimi, bigatuma biramba. |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata | Yakozwe kugira ngo ihangane n'imbaraga za mekanike n'imitingito isanzwe mu nganda. |
| Ubudahangarwa bw'Ingaruka | Yubatswe kugira ngo irinde imbaraga zo gukandagira no gukanda cyane, igakomeza igihe kirekire mu bihe bigoye. |
Ibi bituma insinga zikomeye ziba ingenzi mu kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwizewe mu nganda no hanze.
Ubwoko bw'umuhuza n'uko bihura
Ubwoko busanzwe bw'amahuza
Ibikoresho bya fibre optique bigira uruhare runini mu gutuma amakuru yoherezwa neza binyuze mu guhuza imigozi ya fibre optique n'ibikoresho cyangwa izindi nsinga. Hari ubwoko burenga 100 bw'ibikoresho, ariko bike gusa ni byo byiganje mu nganda bitewe n'uburyo byizewe kandi bikora neza. Ibi birimo:
- FC Connectors: Izi connectors zizwiho uburyo bwazo bwo guhuza screw, zishyigikira umuvuduko w'amakuru kugeza kuri 64 Gbps kandi zikoreshwa cyane mu bigo by'amakuru n'imiyoboro y'ububiko (SANs).
- Ibikoresho bya MPO: Ibikoresho bihuza ibintu byinshi bifite imigozi igera kuri 72, bitanga umuvuduko ugera kuri 400 Gbps. Kuramba kwabyo no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubishyiraho bituma biba byiza cyane mu gukoresha mudasobwa ikora neza.
- Ibikoresho byo guhuza MT-RJ: Ni nto kandi iramba, izi connectors zishyigikira umuvuduko ugera kuri 10 Gbps kandi zikoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho.
Kugenzura ko sisitemu ihura neza
Guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bw'umuhuza byemeza ko bihuye n'uburyo busanzweho kandi ko imikorere myiza ishoboka. Insinga zikomeye za fibre, zagenewe kwihanganira stress za mekanike n'imiti ikaze, ni ingenzi mu nganda. Imihuza idahura n'ubushuhe kandi idahura n'ubushyuhe irushaho kongera ubuziranenge bw'umuyoboro mu bihe bigoye. Urugero, imihuza ya SC ikoreshwa cyane muri CATV no mu bikoresho byo kugenzura, mu giheIbihuza bya LCexcel mu kohereza multimedia ya Ethernet. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'amakuru ahuza itumanaho n'uburyo akoreshwa:
| Ubwoko bw'Umuhuza | Uburyo bwo guhuza | Umubare wa fibre | Porogaramu |
|---|---|---|---|
| SC | Bayonet | 1 | CATV, Ibikoresho byo kugenzura |
| LC | Bayonet | 1 | Kohereza amakuru ya Ethernet (Multimedia) |
| MT-RJ | Bayonet | 2 | Itumanaho |
| MPO | Igikoresho cyo Gusunika no Gukurura | Kugeza kuri 72 | Ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa rikora neza cyane, Ibigo by'amakuru |
Gusuzuma Ubwiza bw'Umuhuza
Ubwiza bw'ibihuza bya fiber optique bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku busugire bw'ibimenyetso no ku kwizerwa kwa sisitemu. Ibipimo by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma birimo:
- Igihombo cyo gushyiramo: Igomba kuguma munsi ya 0.3 dB kugira ngo igabanye igihombo cy'ikimenyetso.
- Igihombo cyo kugaruza: Igomba kurenza 45 dB kugira ngo igumane imbaraga z'ikimenyetso.
- Igenzura ry'isura y'iherezo: Igenzura ko ubuso bw'umuhuza nta ntege nke zishobora kubangamira uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru.
- Ibizamini by'imikorere ya mekanike: Genzura ko icyuma gihuza ibintu kiramba mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe n'ingufu zitandukanye.
Inama: Gusana buri gihe, harimo no gusukura no kugenzura, byongera igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibihuza kandi bigatuma imikorere ihoraho.
Mu gushyira imbere uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru bufite ireme, inganda zishobora kugera ku ihererekanyamakuru ryizewe kandi rinoze, ndetse no mu bihe bigoye.
Ikiguzi ugereranyije n'ubwiza
Gupima Ikiguzi n'Agaciro k'Igihe Kirekire
Gushora imari mu migozi ya fiber optique yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bishobora gusa n'ibihenze mu ntangiriro, arikoinyungu z'igihe kirekireIrenze kure ikiguzi cya mbere. Izi nsinga zitanga uburambe budasanzwe, bigabanya gukenera gusimbuza no gusana kenshi. Imikorere yazo myiza yongera ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru, bigatuma umusaruro wiyongera kandi bigagabanya igihe cyo kudakora neza kw'imiyoboro. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwazo bwo kwagura bushyigikira kwaguka mu gihe kizaza hatabayeho kuvugurura bihenze. Isoko ry'imiyoboro ya fiber optique ku isi, riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 1.5 z'amadolari mu 2027 rifite CAGR ya 8.6%, bigaragaza ko agaciro kazo kakomeje kwiyongera mu nganda. Nubwo uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu mu buryo bugoye n'ibiciro bya mbere bishobora kubangamira bamwe, kuzigama igihe kirekire mu kubungabunga no gukoresha ingufu bituma ziba amahitamo meza kandi ahendutse.
Ingaruka zo gukoresha Fiber Optic Patch Cords zitari nziza cyane
Imigozi y'urukuta rwa fiber optique ifite ubuziranenge bukeibyago bikomeyemu nganda. Zikunze gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gucika intege, bishobora kwangiza ubwiza bw'amajwi no kubangamira imikorere. Ingufu nke zo gukurura insinga z'amashanyarazi byongera amahirwe yo gucika intege kw'insinga bitewe n'imbaraga za mekanike. Uburyo bubi bwo gushyiraho burushaho kongera ibi bibazo, bigatuma habaho kwangirika kenshi no kwiyongera kw'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga. Izi ngaruka ntizibangamira gusa ubwizigame bw'imikorere ahubwo zinatera no kudakora neza kw'igihe kitateganijwe, bishobora guhenda inganda zishingiye ku kohereza amakuru mu buryo budasubirwaho. Guhitamo insinga nziza bigabanya izi ngaruka, bigakomeza gukora neza no kwizerwa.
Ibisubizo bihendutse ku giciro cyo gukoresha mu nganda
Imigozi ya fiber optique yo mu rwego rw'inganda itanga igisubizo gihendutse binyuze mu guhuza kuramba, imikorere myiza, no kwaguka. Ibisabwa ku kugabanya imicungire yayo bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gusana, mu gihe kohereza amakuru vuba byongerera umusaruro mu mikorere. Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha interineti bwinshi butuma ubucuruzi bwagura imiyoboro yabwo neza, birinda kuvugururwa bihenze. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ingufu neza bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi, bigatuma habaho kuzigama igihe kirekire. Mu gushora imari muri izi nsinga zigezweho, inganda zishobora kubaka ibikorwa remezo bikomeye kandi bihamye mu gihe kizaza bitanga umusaruro mwiza kandi bikagabanya ikiguzi uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Ibigomba kwitabwaho mu gushyiraho no kubungabunga
Byoroshye gushyiramo
Insinga za fibre optique zo mu nganda zoroshya ishyirwaho binyuze mu bishushanyo mbonera byarangiye mu ruganda bitanga umusaruro mwiza. Izi nsinga zarangiye mbere y’uko zishyirwa mu nganda zikuraho gukenera gufunga ahantu hakorerwa, bigabanya ingorane n’igihe cyo kuzishyiraho. Gutegura no gutegura neza birushaho koroshya igikorwa. Urugero:
- Abatekinisiye bashobora kugabanya igihe cyo kuruhuka bategura ibikoresho n'ibikoresho mbere y'igihe.
- Gushyira ibimenyetso n'inyandiko mu buryo busobanutse, bihuye n'amahame ya TIA-606-C, bifasha mu kubungabunga imiterere no kugabanya amakosa.
Inama: Irinde kunama cyangwa gukanda insinga mu gihe cyo kuzishyiraho kugira ngo ugumane ubuziranenge bw'ikimenyetso kandi wirinde kwangirika.
Byongeye kandi, isuzuma nyuma yo gushyiraho porogaramu rituma imiyoboro yose yujuje ibisabwa mu mikorere, ritanga icyizere cy’uko sisitemu yizewe.
Uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga
Kubungabunga buri gihe ni ingenzi kugira ngo wongere igihe cyo kubaho no gukora neza kw'imigozi ya fiber optique. Ibikorwa by'ingenzi birimo:
- Gukora igenzura ry'amaso kugira ngo hamenyekane ibyangiritse ku mubiri, nk'ibimenyetso by'imihangayiko cyangwa imivuniko.
- Gusukura umurongo w'itumanaho buri gihe kugira ngo ukureho ivumbi n'imyanda bishobora kubangamira uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso.
- Guteganya igeragezwa ry'ibimenyetso buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe imikorere ihamye.
Amahugurwa akwiye ku batekinisiye atuma bafata neza imigozi y’urukuta, bigabanyiriza ibyago byo kwangirika mu buryo bw’impanuka. Mu gihe cyo gupima ingufu z’urumuri, kubungabunga isuku no gukurikiza amabwiriza yashyizweho birushaho kunoza ubwizerwe.
Icyitonderwa: Sisitemu ibungabunzwe neza ntiyongera imikorere gusa, ahubwo inagabanya ikiguzi cy'igihe kirekire kijyanye no gusana no gusimbuza.
Ibisabwa ku burebure bw'insinga n'ibihuza
Guhitamo uburebure bukwiye bw'insinga n'ubwoko bw'umuyoboro ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imikorere myiza irusheho kuba myiza mu nganda. Insinga za fibre zigomba kuba zihuye n'umurambararo w'imbere w'insinga kugira ngo hirindwe ibihano byo kugabanya. Urugero, gukoresha insinga ya 62.5-μm ifite insinga ya 50-μm bishobora kwangiza cyane ubwiza bw'amajwi.
Mu gihe ugena uburebure bw'insinga, tekereza ku ntera iri hagati y'ibice by'umuyoboro n'uburebure bw'insinga. Insinga ngufi zigabanya ubukana kandi zigakomeza kugaragara neza, mu gihe insinga ndende zifasha mu buryo bworoshye gushyirwamo ibintu bigoye.
Inyigo y'Urubanza: Toyota Motor Corporation yongereye umusaruro binyuze mu gukoresha insinga zo hanze zoroheje zijyanye n'uburebure bwazo n'ibikenewe mu bidukikije.
Mu gukemura ibi bibazo, inganda zishobora kwemeza ko imiyoboro y’itumanaho ikora neza kandi zigakomeza gukora neza.
Guhitamo imigozi ya fiber optique yo mu rwego rw'inganda bisaba gusuzuma neza ubushobozi bwa bandwidth, intera yo kohereza, kuramba, guhuza, n'uburyo bwo kuyibungabunga. Ibi bintu byemeza ko ikora neza, yizewe, kandi ikora neza igihe kirekire. Gukenera interineti yihuta cyane n'ikoranabuhanga rikoresha amakuru menshi bishimangira akamaro k'ibisubizo bikomeye. Imigozi ya Dowell itanga ubuziranenge budasanzwe, ikemura ibi bibazo by'ingenzi neza kandi byizerwa.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni irihe tandukaniro ry'ingenzi riri hagati y'imigozi ya fiber optique ikoresha uburyo bumwe n'imigozi ya fiber optique ikoresha uburyo bwinshi?
Fibre zo mu buryo bumwe zishyigikira ihererekanyamakuru ry’intera ndende hamwe n’imirongo mito, mu gihe fibre zo mu buryo bwinshi zirusha izindi intera ngufi hamwe n’imirongo minini kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwo gukoresha umuyoboro wa interineti.
Ni gute inganda zishobora kwita ku ibungabungwa ry’imigozi ya fiber optique?
Inganda zigomba gukora igenzura rihoraho, gusukura imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, no gutegura isuzuma ry'ibimenyetso kugira ngo imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikomeze gukora neza kandi yongere igihe cyo kubaho cy'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ya fiber optique.
Ese imigozi ikomeye ya fiber optique irakenewe mu bikorwa byose by'inganda?
Insinga zikomeye ni ingenzi mu bidukikije bikomeye birimo imbaraga za mekanike, imitingito, cyangwa imikorere ya shimi. Insinga zisanzwe zirahagije mu bijyanye no kugenzura inzu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-27-2025